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$p$-adic continued fractions, as an extension of the classical concept of classical continued fractions to the realm of $p$-adic numbers, offering a novel perspective on number representation and approximation. While numerous $p$-adic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Zhaonan Wang , Yingpu Deng

A well known theorem of Lagrange states that the simple continued fraction of a real number $\alpha$ is periodic if and only if $\alpha$ is a quadratic irrational. We examine non-periodic and non-simple continued fractions formed by two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-03 Michael Obiero Oyengo

The properties of continued fractions whose partial quotients belong to a quadratic number field K are distinct from those of classical continued fractions. Unlike classical continued fractions, it is currently impossible to identify…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Zhaonan Wang , Yingpu Deng

In this paper, we consider an extension of Jacobi's symbol, the so called rational $2^k$-th power residue symbol. In Section 3, we prove a novel generalization of Zolotarev's lemma. In Sections 4, 5 and 6, we show that several hard…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-20 Markus Hittmeir

Let $x$ be a periodic continued fraction with the initial block $0$ and the repeating block $c_1,\ldots,c_n$. So $x$ is a quadratic irrational of the form $x=a+\sqrt b$, where $a$, $b$ are rational numbers, $b>0$, $b$ not a square. The…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-12 Kurt Girstmair

Given a quadratic polynomial with rational coefficients, we investigate the existence of consecutive squares in the orbit of a rational point under the iteration of the polynomial. We display three different constructions of $1$-parameter…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-30 Mohammad Sadek , Tuğba Yesin

Adolf Hurwitz proposed in 1887 a continued fraction algorithm for complex numbers: Hurwitz continued fractions (HCF). Among other similarities between HCF and regular continued fractions, quadratic irrational numbers over $\mathbb{Q}(i)$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Gerardo Gonzalez Robert

In this article we further develop methods for representing integers as a sum of three cubes. In particular, a barrier to solving the case $k=3$, which was outlined in a previous paper of the second author, is overcome. A very recent…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Jon Grantham , P. G. Walsh

Continued fractions have been generalized over the field of $p$-adic numbers, where it is still not known an analogue of the famous Lagrange's Theorem. In general, the periodicity of $p$-adic continued fractions is well studied and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Giuliano Romeo

A rational perfect cuboid is a rectangular parallelepiped whose edges and face diagonals are given by rational numbers and whose space diagonal is equal to unity. Its existence is equivalent to the existence of a perfect cuboid with all…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-08-14 John Ramsden , Ruslan Sharipov

This paper is concerned with the problem of expressing three consecutive integers as sums of three cubes. We give several parametric solutions of the problem. We also give somewhat trivial solutions of five or seven consecutive integers…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-30 Ajai Choudhry

We address the problem of determining the Hausdorff dimension of sets consisting of complex irrationals whose complex continued fraction digits satisfy prescribed restrictions and growth conditions. For the Hurwitz continued fraction, we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-04-16 Yuto Nakajima , Hiroki Takahasi

We show how one can use Hermite-Pad\'{e} approximation and little $q$-Jacobi polynomials to construct rational approximants for $\zeta_q(2)$. These numbers are $q$-analogues of the well known $\zeta(2)$. Here $q=\frac{1}{p}$, with $p$ an…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Christophe Smet , Walter Van Assche

In this paper we show how one can obtain simultaneous rational approximants for $\zeta_q(1)$ and $\zeta_q(2)$ with a common denominator by means of Hermite-Pade approximation using multiple little q-Jacobi polynomials and we show that…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-10-04 Kelly Postelmans , Walter Van Assche

It is widely believed that the continued fraction expansion of every irrational algebraic number $\alpha$ either is eventually periodic (and we know that this is the case if and only if $\alpha$ is a quadratic irrational), or it contains…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-07 Boris Adamczewski , Yann Bugeaud , Les J. L. Davison

Zaremba's Conjecture concerns the formation of continued fractions with partial quotients restricted to a given alphabet. In order to answer the numerous questions that arrive from this conjecture, it is best to consider a semi-group, often…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Peter Cohen

In this paper, we establish improved effective irrationality measures for certain numbers of the form $\sqrt[3]{n}$, using approximations obtained from hypergeometric functions. These results are very close to the best possible using this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-01 P. M. Voutier

As a first step in exploring time-periodic solutions of the Einstein equations with a negative cosmological constant, we study the cubic conformal wave equation on the Einstein cylinder. Using a combination of numerical and perturbative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-28 Ficek Filip , Maciej Maliborski

The theory of continued fractions has been generalized to l-adic numbers by several authors and presents many differences with respect to the real case. In the present paper we investigate the expansion of rationals and quadratic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Laura Capuano , Francesco Veneziano , Umberto Zannier

An application of (iterated) Bauer-Muir acceleration can give an Ap\'ery-like continued fraction for $\pi$ with irrational coefficients, and much faster convergence. It can be considered a generalized continued fraction with the same matrix…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Tomasz Stachowiak