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While observations indicate that the predominant source of cosmic inhomogeneities are adiabatic perturbations, there are a variety of candidates to provide auxiliary trace effects, including inflation-generated primordial tensors and cosmic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Jon Urrestilla , Pia Mukherjee , Andrew R. Liddle , Neil Bevis , Mark Hindmarsh , Martin Kunz

In the first part of this work, I review the theoretical framework of cosmological perturbation theory necessary to understand the generation and evolution of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. Using analytical and numerical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 Roberto Trotta

Gravitational waves detected from well-localized inspiraling binaries would allow to determine, directly and independently, both binary luminosity and redshift. In this case, such systems could behave as "standard candles" providing an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-14 Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Salvatore Capozziello , Ivan De Martino , Michelangelo Formisano

The Universe is the grandest conceivable scale on which the human mind can strive to understand nature. The amazing aspect of cosmology, the branch of science that attempts to understand the origin and evolution of the Universe, is that it…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-19 Tarun Souradeep

The standard cosmological model predicts statistically isotropic cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations characterized by the CMB temperature coefficients $a_{\ell m}$ being independent Gaussian random variables with zero mean and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-17 Joann Jones , Craig J. Copi , Glenn D. Starkman , Yashar Akrami

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) energy spectrum is a near-perfect blackbody. The standard model of cosmology predicts small spectral distortions to this form, but no such distortion of the sky-averaged CMB spectrum has yet been…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 J. Colin Hill , Nick Battaglia , Jens Chluba , Simone Ferraro , Emmanuel Schaan , David N. Spergel

In this work we investigate the standard deviation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature gradient field as a signature for a multiply connected nature of the Universe. CMB simulations of a spatially infinite universe model…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-02 Ralf Aurich , Thomas Buchert , Martin J. France , Frank Steiner

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a fundamental observational tool in modern cosmology. The linear polarization of the CMB provides a crucial observational tool for exploring new physics, including the inflationary paradigm and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-12 Vyoma Muralidhara

Recent measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy have provided evidence for the presence of oscillations in the angular power spectrum. These oscillations are a wonderful confirmation of the standard cosmological scenario…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alessandro Melchiorri

A wide range of large scale observations hint towards possible modifications on the standard cosmological model which is based on a homogeneous and isotropic universe with a small cosmological constant and matter. These observations, also…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-21 Leandros Perivolaropoulos

Cosmic strings are one-dimensional topological defects which could have been formed in the early stages of our Universe. They triggered a lot of interest, mainly for their cosmological implications: they could offer an alternative to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Mairi Sakellariadou

We discuss the time dependence and future of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in the context of the standard cosmological model, in which we are now entering a state of endless accelerated expansion. The mean temperature will simply…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. P. Zibin , A. Moss , D. Scott

Spectral features in the CMB energy spectrum contain a wealth of information about the physical processes in the early Universe, z < 2 x 10^6. The CMB spectral distortions are complementary to all other probes of cosmology. In fact, most of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-12 Rashid A. Sunyaev , Rishi Khatri

We investigate the imprint of nonlinear matter condensations on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in an $\Omega=1$, Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model universe. Temperature anisotropies are obtained by numerically evolving matter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Robin Tuluie , Pablo Laguna

The Pre-Big Bang cosmology inspired generations of cosmologists in attempts to cure the initial Big Bang singularity using a fundamental length scale as proposed by String Theory. The existence of a phase of collapse/inflation with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-14 V. Bozza

Accurate computations of spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are required for constraining energy release scenarios at redshifts $z\gtrsim 10^3$. The existing literature focuses on distortions that are small…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Sandeep Kumar Acharya , Jens Chluba

This is a very exciting time for the CMB field. It is widely recognized that precision measurements of the CMB can provide a definitive test of cosmological models and determine their parameters accurately. At present observations give us…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 George F. Smoot

In principle, the tensor metric (gravity-wave) perturbations that arise in inflationary models can, beyond probing the underlying inflationary model, provide information about the Universe: ionization history, presence of a cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 Michael S. Turner , Martin White , James E. Lidsey

We develop and examine the principles governing the formation of distortions in the cosmic microwave background. Distortions in the frequency or spectral distribution of the background probe the thermal history of the universe whereas those…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-17 Wayne Hu

Assuming the existence of standard rulers, standard candles and standard clocks, requiring only the cosmological principle, a metric theory of gravity, a smooth expansion history, and using state-of-the-art observations, we determine the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-15 Licia Verde , Jose Luis Bernal , Alan F. Heavens , Raul Jimenez