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Research techniques in the last decade have improved lossless compression ratios by significantly increasing processing time. These techniques have remained obscure because production systems require high throughput and low resource…

Tokenization efficiency plays a critical role in the performance and cost of large language models (LLMs), yet most models rely on static tokenizers optimized on general-purpose corpora. These tokenizers' fixed vocabularies often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Saibo Geng , Nathan Ranchin , Yunzhen yao , Maxime Peyrard , Chris Wendler , Michael Gastpar , Robert West

We extend Ziv and Lempel's model of finite-state encoders to the realm of lossy compression of individual sequences. In particular, the model of the encoder includes a finite-state reconstruction codebook followed by an information lossless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Neri Merhav

Recent advances in symbolic music generation primarily rely on deep learning models such as Transformers, GANs, and diffusion models. While these approaches achieve high-quality results, they require substantial computational resources,…

This work introduces Llamazip, a novel lossless text compression algorithm based on the predictive capabilities of the LLaMA3 language model. Llamazip achieves significant data reduction by only storing tokens that the model fails to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Sören Dréano , Derek Molloy , Noel Murphy

Given a dynamic set $K$ of $k$ strings of total length $n$ whose characters are drawn from an alphabet of size $\sigma$, a keyword dictionary is a data structure built on $K$ that provides locate, prefix search, and update operations on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Kazuya Tsuruta , Dominik Köppl , Shunsuke Kanda , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai , Masayuki Takeda

Recurrent neural networks have proved to be an effective method for statistical language modeling. However, in practice their memory and run-time complexity are usually too large to be implemented in real-time offline mobile applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Artem M. Grachev , Dmitry I. Ignatov , Andrey V. Savchenko

In this paper, we propose a dictionary screening method for embedding compression in text classification tasks. The key purpose of this method is to evaluate the importance of each keyword in the dictionary. To this end, we first train a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Jing Zhou , Xinru Jing , Muyu Liu , Hansheng Wang

Lossy compression algorithms take advantage of the inherent limitations of the human eye and discard information that cannot be seen. In the present paper, a technique termed as Lossy Data Compression using Logarithm (LDCL) is proposed to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-08 Vivek Kumar , Srijita Barthwal , Rishabh Kishore , Ruchika Saklani , Anuj Sharma , Sandeep Sharma

Pre-trained word embeddings like ELMo and BERT contain rich syntactic and semantic information, resulting in state-of-the-art performance on various tasks. We propose a very fast variational information bottleneck (VIB) method to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Xiang Lisa Li , Jason Eisner

Large-alphabet strings are common in scenarios such as information retrieval and natural-language processing. The efficient storage and processing of such strings usually introduces several challenges that are not witnessed in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Diego Arroyuelo , Gabriel Carmona , Héctor Larrañaga , Francisco Riveros , Carlos Eugenio Rojas-Morales , Erick Sepúlveda

Let $S$ be a string of length $n$. In this paper we introduce the notion of \emph{string attractor}: a subset of the string's positions $[1,n]$ such that every distinct substring of $S$ has an occurrence crossing one of the attractor's…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Nicola Prezza

We present a method to compress the final linear layer of language models, reducing memory usage by up to 3.4x without significant performance loss. By grouping tokens based on Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) merges, we prevent materialization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Sreeram Vennam , Anish Joishy , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

In this paper, we compare various methods to compress a text using a neural model. We find that extracting tokens as latent variables significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art discrete latent variable models such as VQ-VAE.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Aran Komatsuzaki

Given an LZW/LZ78 compressed text, we want to find an approximate occurrence of a given pattern of length m. The goal is to achieve time complexity depending on the size n of the compressed representation of the text instead of its length.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-23 Pawel Gawrychowski , Damian Straszak

Since ChatGPT released its API for public use, the number of applications built on top of commercial large language models (LLMs) increase exponentially. One popular usage of such models is leveraging its in-context learning ability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Junyi Liu , Liangzhi Li , Tong Xiang , Bowen Wang , Yiming Qian

The domains of data mining and knowledge discovery make use of large amounts of textual data, which need to be handled efficiently. Specific problems, like finding the maximum weight ordered common subset of a set of ordered sets or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-12-07 Mugurel Ionut Andreica , Nicolae Tapus

The majority of online content is written in languages other than English, and is most commonly encoded in UTF-8, the world's dominant Unicode character encoding. Traditional compression algorithms typically operate on individual bytes.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Adam Gleave , Christian Steinruecken

We describe a universal information compression scheme that compresses any pure quantum i.i.d. source asymptotically to its von Neumann entropy, with no prior knowledge of the structure of the source. We introduce a diagonalisation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Jozsa , Stuart Presnell

The notion of string attractor has been introduced in [Kempa and Prezza, 2018] in the context of Data Compression and it represents a set of positions of a finite word in which all of its factors can be "attracted". The smallest size…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Antonio Restivo , Giuseppe Romana , Marinella Sciortino