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After a short Historical bibliographical note, in the Starting points attention will be focused on some postulates common to classical mechanics and special relativity. Starting from these premises, in the sections The deduction of the form…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Fabiano Minni

We review the interpretation of gauge invariance as a mathematical redundancy required in a relativistic description of forces mediated by massless spin-1 and spin-2 particles. In this context we also review the Weinberg-Witten theorem and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Alejandro Jenkins

Lorentz and diffeomorphism violations are studied in linearized gravity using effective field theory. A classification of all gauge-invariant and gauge-violating terms is given. The exact covariant dispersion relation for gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-23 Alan Kostelecky , Matthew Mewes

Recent tentative experimental indications, and the subsequent theoretical speculations, regarding possible violations of Lorentz invariance have attracted a vast amount of attention. An important technical issue that considerably…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-11-29 Valentina Baccetti , Kyle Tate , Matt Visser

Motivated by various theoretical arguments that the Planck energy (Ep - 10^19 GeV) - should herald departures from Lorentz invariance, and the possibility of testing these expectations in the not too distant future, two so-called "Doubly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-15 Simon Judes , Matt Visser

Lorentz Transformations of Special Relativity are derived from two postulates: the first is the Principle of Relativity, while the postulate of invariance of the velocity of light, used in usual derivations, is replaced by a law of…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Gemma Faraco , Giuseppe A. Nistico'

Lorentz-violating operators involving Standard Model fields are tightly constrained by experimental data. However, bounds are more model-independent for Lorentz violation appearing in purely gravitational couplings. The spontaneous breaking…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-05 Michael L. Graesser , Alejandro Jenkins , Mark B. Wise

A number of different approaches to quantum gravity are at least partly phenomenologically characterized by their treatment of Lorentz symmetry, in particular whether the symmetry is exact or modified/broken at the smallest scales. For…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-16 Stefano Liberati , David Mattingly

Extremely high-energy(EHE) cosmic rays might provide a chance to check a violation of the Lorentz symmetry of spacetime. Some theoretical consideration is described about why the Lorentz symmetry might break-down in EHE phenomena in this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Humitaka Sato

The Lorentz law of force is the fifth pillar of classical electrodynamics, the other four being Maxwell's macroscopic equations. The Lorentz law is the universal expression of the force exerted by electromagnetic fields on a volume…

General Physics · Physics 2012-05-10 Masud Mansuripur

In this work, we compute some phenomenological bounds for the electromagnetic and massive gravitational high-derivative extensions supposing that it is possible to have an astrophysical process that generates simultaneously gravitational…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-30 E. Passos , M. A. Anacleto , F. A. Brito , O. Holanda , G. B. Souza , C. A. D. Zarro

A relativistic theory for neutrino superluminality is presented (in principle, the same mechanism applies also to other fermions). The theory involves the standard-model particles and one additional heavy sterile neutrino with an…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 F. R. Klinkhamer

We reexamine a scenario in which photons and gravitons arise as Goldstone bosons associated with the spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance. We study the emergence of Lorentz invariant low energy physics in an effective field theory…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Per Kraus , E. T. Tomboulis

We study a class of Lorentz violating quantum field theories that contain higher space derivatives, but no higher time derivatives, and become renormalizable in the large N expansion. The fixed points of their renormalization-group flows…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Damiano Anselmi

Lorentz invariance belongs to the fundamental symmetries of nature. It is basic for the successful Standard Model of Particle Physics. Nevertheless, within the last decades, Lorentz invariance has been repeatedly questioned. In fact, there…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-01 Yuri N. Obukhov , Friedrich W. Hehl

Recently, [10,11], the Heisenberg Uncertainty relation and the No-Cloning property in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Computation, respectively, have been extended to versions of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Computation which are…

General Physics · Physics 2010-05-19 Elemer E Rosinger

We use the Iyer-Wald formalism to derive an extended first law of entanglement that includes variations in the cosmological constant, Newton's constant and --in the case of higher-derivative theories-- all the additional couplings of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-14 Elena Caceres , Phuc H. Nguyen , Juan F. Pedraza

Observations of the synchrotron and inverse Compton emissions from ultrarelativistic electrons in astrophysical sources can reveal a great deal about the energy-momentum relations of those electrons. They can thus be used to place bounds on…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-19 Brett Altschul

We reconsider Lorentz Violation (LV) at the fundamental level. We show that Lorentz Violation is intimately connected with gravity and that LV couplings in QFT must always be fields in a gravitational sector. Diffeomorphism invariance must…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Elias Kiritsis

In this paper the structures of the generalised Euler-Lagrange equations and their associated conserved quantities are derived for one-dimensional Herglotz variational problems of order $n$. Their derivations use the framework of moving…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Tânia M. N. Gonçalves , Delfim F. M. Torres , Gastão S. F. Frederico