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For every positive integer $n$ greater than $4$ there is a set of Latin squares of order $n$ such that every permutation of the numbers $1,\ldots,n$ appears exactly once as a row, a column, a reverse row or a reverse column of one of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Stephan Foldes , András Kaszanyitzky , Laszlo Major

The paper is devoted to developing subdifferential theory for set-valued mappings taking values in ordered infinite-dimensional spaces. This study is motivated by applications to problems of vector and set optimization with various…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-16 Boris S. Mordukhovich , Oanh Nguyen

In this note, we show how to define certain Riordan arrays, that we call the Fuss-Catalan-Riordan arrays, by means of a special family of $d$-orthogonal polynomials. We relate the Fuss-Catalan Riordan arrays to the Fuss Catalan numbers, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Paul Barry

Mutually unbiased bases encapsulate the concept of complementarity - the impossibility of simultaneous knowledge of certain observables - in the formalism of quantum theory. Although this concept is at the heart of quantum mechanics, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-19 Tomasz Paterek , Borivoje Dakic , Caslav Brukner

We prove several results about substructures in Latin squares. First, we explain how to adapt our recent work on high-girth Steiner triple systems to the setting of Latin squares, resolving a conjecture of Linial that there exist Latin…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-05 Matthew Kwan , Ashwin Sah , Mehtaab Sawhney , Michael Simkin

In this paper, we explore the concept of Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) in discrete quantum systems. It is known that for dimensions $d$ that are powers of prime numbers, there exists a set of up to $d+1$ bases that form an MUB set.…

We describe the rings of invariants for the finite orthogonal groups of plus type in odd characteristic acting on the defining representations. We also describe the invariants of the corresponding Sylow subgroups in the defining…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-03-12 H. E. A. Campbell , R. James Shank , David L. Wehlau

A second order family of special Lagrangian submanifolds of complex m-space is a family characterized by the satisfaction of a set of pointwise conditions on the second fundamental form. For example, the set of ruled special Lagrangian…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2008-01-01 Robert L. Bryant

Given a binary quasigroup $G$ of order $n$, a $d$-iterated quasigroup $G[d]$ is the $(d+1)$-ary quasigroup equal to the $d$-times composition of $G$ with itself. The Cayley table of every $d$-ary quasigroup is a $d$-dimensional latin…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-20 Anna A. Taranenko

We have performed a complete enumeration of non-isotopic triples of mutually orthogonal $k\times n$ Latin rectangles for $k\leq n \leq 7$. Here we will present a census of such triples, classified by various properties, including the order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-31 Gerold Jäger , Klas Markström , Lars-Daniel Öhman , Denys Shcherbak

For a field $F$ and an integer $d\geq 1$, we consider the universal associative $F$-algebra $A$ generated by two sets of $d+1$ mutually orthogonal idempotents. We display four bases for the $F$-vector space $A$ that we find attractive. We…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2009-06-23 Tatsuro Ito , Paul Terwilliger

We present the number of totally symmetric quasigroups (equivalently, totally symmetric Latin squares) of order 16, as well as the number of isomorphism classes, and extend previously published results to include information on the number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Hy Ginsberg

Using the categorical description of supergeometry we give an explicit construction of the diffeomorphism supergroup of a compact finite-dimensional supermanifold. The construction provides the diffeomorphism supergroup with the structure…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Christoph Sachse , Christoph Wockel

Decomposable ordered structures were introduced in \cite{OnSt} to develop a general framework to study `finite-dimensional' totally ordered structures. This paper continues this work to include decomposable structures on which a ordered…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-02-27 Eliana Barriga , Alf Onshuus , Charles Steinhorn

We will see that every finite projective plane of order k > 1 gives rise to a complete set of (k-1) MPLS (= mutually projective latin squares) of order k and by reversing the process we can construct a finite projective plane of order k…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-07 Leendert Bleijenga

Ouroboros functions have shown some interesting properties when subjected to conventional operations. The aim of this paper is to continue our investigation and prove some additional properties of these functions. Using algebraic methods,…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-07-06 Nathan Thomas Provost

Unitary transformations and density matrices are central objects in quantum physics and various tasks require to introduce them in a parameterized form. In the present article we present a parameterization of the unitary group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-18 Christoph Spengler , Marcus Huber , Beatrix C. Hiesmayr

Recently proposed supergravity theories in odd dimensions whose fields are connection one-forms for the minimal supersymmetric extensions of anti-de Sitter gravity are discussed. Two essential ingredients are required for this construction:…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-04-15 Ricardo Troncoso , Jorge Zanelli

Spatially periodic elastic metamaterials, comprising hard inclusions within a soft matrix in $d$-dimensional space ($d\geq 2$), exhibit a rich spectrum of physical phenomena. This paper investigates such a model and presents the following…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Yixian Gao , Shuguan Ji , Shangling Song

We show there is a natural connection between Latin squares and commutative sets of monomials defining geometric structures in finite phase-space of prime power dimensions. A complete set of such monomials defines a mutually unbiased basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-24 Mario Gaeta , Olivia Di Matteo , Andrei B. Klimov , Hubert de Guise