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Symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases are gapped quantum phases which host symmetry-protected gapless edge excitations. On the other hand, the edge states can be gapped by spontaneously breaking symmetry. We show that topological…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-05-20 Yuan-Ming Lu , Dung-Hai Lee

We discuss physical constructions, and the boundary properties of various symmetry protected topological phases that involve 1-form symmetries, from one spatial dimension (1d) to four spatial dimensions (4d). For example, the prototype 3d…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-02-24 Chao-Ming Jian , Xiao-Chuan Wu , Yichen Xu , Cenke Xu

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases with unusual edge excitations can emerge in strongly interacting bosonic systems and are classified in terms of the cohomology of their symmetry groups. Here we provide a physical picture that…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-03-31 Xie Chen , Yuan-Ming Lu , Ashvin Vishwanath

We propose a diagnostic tool for detecting non-trivial symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases protected by a symmetry group $G$ in 2+1 dimensions. Our method is based on directly studying the 1+1-dimensional anomalous edge conformal…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-09-13 Bo Han , Apoorv Tiwari , Chang-Tse Hsieh , Shinsei Ryu

Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases are short-range entangled quantum states characterized by anomalous edge behavior, a manifestation of the bulk-boundary correspondence for topological phases. Moreover, the Li-Haldane conjecture…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-17 Chao Xu , Yunlong Zang , Yixin Ma , Yingfei Gu , Shenghan Jiang

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) states are short-range entangled states with symmetry, which have symmetry protected gapless edge states around a gapped bulk. Recently, we proposed a systematic construction of SPT phases in interacting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-09-17 Xie Chen , Xiao-Gang Wen

We introduce exactly solvable gapless quantum systems in $d$ dimensions that support symmetry protected topological (SPT) edge modes. Our construction leads to long-range entangled, critical points or phases that can be interpreted as…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-12-08 Thomas Scaffidi , Daniel E. Parker , Romain Vasseur

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) states are short-range entangled states with symmetry. Nontrivial SPT states have symmetry protected gapless edge excitations. In 2-dimension (2D), there are infinite number of nontrivial SPT phases with…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-02-11 Zheng-Xin Liu , Xiao-Gang Wen

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases are one of the simplest, yet nontrivial, gapped systems that go beyond the Landau paradigm. In this work, we study an extension of the notion of SPT for gapless systems, namely, gapless symmetry…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-07-17 Linhao Li , Masaki Oshikawa , Yunqin Zheng

Spin-1/2 two-legged ladders respecting inter-leg exchange symmetry and D2 spin rotation symmetry have new symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases which are different from the Haldane phase. Three of the new SPT phases are tx,ty,tz,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-11-20 Zheng-Xin Liu , Zhen-Biao Yang , Yong-Jian Han , Wei Yi , Xiao-Gang Wen

We consider symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases in 2D protected by linear subsystem symmetries, i.e. those that act along rigid lines. There is a distinction between a "strong" subsystem SPT phase, and a "weak" one, which is…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-12-19 Trithep Devakul , Dominic J. Williamson , Yizhi You

We describe recent progress in our understanding of the interplay between interactions, symmetry, and topology in states of quantum matter. We focus on a minimal generalization of the celebrated topological band insulators to interacting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-08-05 T. Senthil

We present simple lattice realizations of symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases with $q$-form global symmetries where charged excitations have $q$ spatial dimensions. Specifically, we construct $d$ space-dimensional models supported…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-04-20 Beni Yoshida

We demonstrate the existence of topologically nontrivial phase in a one-dimensional fermionic lattice system subjected to synthetic gauge fields, which is beyond the standard Altland-Zirnbauer classification of topological insulators. The…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-18 Linhu Li , Shu Chen

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases are gapped short-range-entangled quantum phases with a symmetry G. They can all be smoothly connected to the same trivial product state if we break the symmetry. The Haldane phase of spin-1 chain…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-09-03 Xie Chen , Zheng-Cheng Gu , Zheng-Xin Liu , Xiao-Gang Wen

The low energy behavior of a huge variety of one-dimensional interacting spinful fermionic systems exhibits spin-charge separation, described in the continuum limit by two sine-Gordon models decoupled in the charge and spin channels.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-10-02 Arianna Montorsi , Fabrizio Dolcini , Rita Iotti , Fausto Rossi

We present a unified perspective on symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases in one dimension and address the open question of what characterizes their phase transitions. In the first part of this work we use symmetry as a guide to map…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-10-17 Ruben Verresen , Roderich Moessner , Frank Pollmann

A topological phase is a phase of matter which cannot be characterized by a local order parameter. It has been shown that gapped phases in 1D systems can be completely characterized using tools related to projective representations of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-12-17 Frank Pollmann , Ari M. Turner

Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases are commonly required to have an energy gap, but recent work has extended the concept to gapless settings. This raises a natural question: what happens at transitions between inequivalent gapless…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-26 Saranesh Prembabu , Ruben Verresen

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) states are bulk gapped states with gapless edge excitations protected by certain symmetries. The SPT phases in free fermion systems, like topological insulators, can be classified by the K-theory.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-01-08 Xie Chen , Zheng-Cheng Gu , Zheng-Xin Liu , Xiao-Gang Wen
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