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We show that Langevin$-$Smoluchowski measure on path space is invariant under time-reversal, followed by stochastic control of the drift with a novel entropic-type criterion. Repeated application of these forward-backward steps leads to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Ioannis Karatzas , Bertram Tschiderer

Diffusion models are state-of-the-art methods in generative modeling when samples from a target probability distribution are available, and can be efficiently sampled, using score matching to estimate score vectors guiding a Langevin…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-21 Omar Chehab , Anna Korba

The diffraction of stochastic point sets, both Bernoulli and Markov, and of random tilings with crystallographic symmetries is investigated in rigorous terms. In particular, we derive the diffraction spectrum of 1D random tilings, of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Michael Baake , Moritz Hoeffe

We use the notion of generalized signatures at a singularity of a smooth curve of symmetric bilinear forms to determine a formula for the computation of the Maslov index in the case of a real-analytic path having possibly non transversal…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 R. Giambo , P. Piccione , A. Portaluri

We consider multitype branching processes arising in the study of random laminations of the disk. We classify these processes according to their subcritical or supercritical behavior and provide Kolmogorov-type estimates in the critical…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-03-29 Nicolas Curien , Yuval Peres

Diffusion models have recently shown considerable potential in solving Bayesian inverse problems when used as priors. However, sampling from the resulting denoising posterior distributions remains a challenge as it involves intractable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-25 Badr Moufad , Yazid Janati , Lisa Bedin , Alain Durmus , Randal Douc , Eric Moulines , Jimmy Olsson

We consider diffusion on discrete measure spaces as encoded by Markovian semigroups arising from weighted graphs. We study whether the graph is uniquely determined if the diffusion is given up to order isomorphism. If the graph is recurrent…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-14 Matthias Keller , Daniel Lenz , Marcel Schmidt , Melchior Wirth

It is known that Iterated Function Systems generated by orientation preserving homeomorphisms of the unit interval admit a unique invariant measure on $(0,1)$. The setup for this result is the positivity of Lyapunov exponents at both fixed…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Wojciech Czernous , Tomasz Szarek

We provide a probabilistic analysis of the upwind scheme for multi-dimensional transport equations. We associate a Markov chain with the numerical scheme and then obtain a backward representation formula of Kolmogorov type for the numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Francois Delarue , Frédéric Lagoutière

Diffusion is the result of repeated random scattering. It governs a wide range of phenomena from Brownian motion, to heat flow through window panes, neutron flux in fuel rods, dispersion of light in human tissue, and electronic conduction.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Zhou Shi , Azriel Z. Genack

Diffusion models form an important class of generative models today, accounting for much of the state of the art in cutting edge AI research. While numerous extensions beyond image and video generation exist, few of such approaches address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

Diffusion models have made remarkable progress in solving various inverse problems, attributing to the generative modeling capability of the data manifold. Posterior sampling from the conditional score function enable the precious data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jinghao Zhang , Zizheng Yang , Qi Zhu , Feng Zhao

The Aldous diffusion is a conjectured Markov process on the space of real trees that is the continuum analogue of discrete Markov chains on binary trees. We construct this conjectured process via a consistent system of stationary evolutions…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-21 Noah Forman , Soumik Pal , Douglas Rizzolo , Matthias Winkel

Many physical processes depend on the time it takes a diffusing particle to find a target. Though this classical quantity is now well-understood in various scenarios, little is known if the diffusivity depends on the location of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-23 Hwai-Ray Tung , Sean D Lawley

Integration by parts formulae are given for a class of measures on the space of paths of a smooth manifold $M$ determined by the laws of degenerate diffusions. The mother of such formulae, on the path space of diffeomorphism group of $M$ is…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-25 K. D. Elworthy , Yves Le Jan , Xue-Mei Li

A new class of relativistic diffusions encompassing all the previously studied examples has recently been introduced by C. Chevalier and F. Debbasch, both in a heuristic and analytic way. A pathwise approach of these processes is proposed…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-11-03 Ismael Bailleul

Uncertainty calibration in pre-trained transformers is critical for their reliable deployment in risk-sensitive applications. Yet, most existing pre-trained transformers do not have a principled mechanism for uncertainty propagation through…

Diffusion in heterogeneous energy and diffusivity landscapes is widespread in biological systems. However, solving the Langevin equation in such environments introduces ambiguity due to the interpretation parameter $\alpha$, which depends…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-20 Adrian Pacheco-Pozo , Igor M. Sokolov , Ralf Metzler , Diego Krapf

We give the first properties of independent Bernoulli percolation, for oriented graphs on the set of vertices $\Z^d$ that are translation-invariant and may contain loops. We exhibit some examples showing that the critical probability for…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-09 Olivier Garet , Régine Marchand

In this paper, we use the theory of symmetric Dirichlet forms to give a probabilistic interpretation of Calder\'{o}n's inverse conductivity problem in terms of reflecting diffusion processes and their corresponding boundary trace processes.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-03-27 Petteri Piiroinen , Martin Simon