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We introduce a rank-statistic approximation of $f$-divergences that avoids explicit density-ratio estimation by working directly with the distribution of ranks. For a resolution parameter $K$, we map the mismatch between two univariate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-02 Viktor Stein , José Manuel de Frutos

This paper develops a new framework for indirect statistical inference with guaranteed necessity and sufficiency, applicable to continuous random variables. We prove that when comparing exponentially transformed order statistics from an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Z Zhang , X Hu , C Lu , T Liu

We study nonparametric estimation of the distribution function (DF) of a continuous random variable based on a ranked set sampling design using the exponentially tilted (ET) empirical likelihood method. We propose ET estimators of the DF…

Computation · Statistics 2015-06-23 Saeid Amiri , Mohammad Jafari Jozani , Reza Modarres

In this study an attempt has been made to propose a way to develop new distribution. For this purpose, we need only idea about distribution function. Some important statistical properties of the new distribution like moments, cumulants,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-30 Brijesh P. Singh , Utpal Dhar Das

The stratified resampling mechanism is one of the resampling schemes commonly used in the resampling steps of particle filters. In the present paper, we prove a central limit theorem for this mechanism under the assumption that the initial…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-07 Roberta Flenghi , Benjamin Jourdain

We propose and analyze estimators for statistical functionals of one or more distributions under nonparametric assumptions. Our estimators are based on the theory of influence functions, which appear in the semiparametric statistics…

This paper derives the asymptotic distribution of variance weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics for conditional moment inequality models for the case of a one dimensional covariate. The asymptotic distribution depends on the data…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-02-02 Timothy B. Armstrong

Let $X_1, \ldots, X_n$ be independent non-negative random variables with cumulative distribution functions $F_1,F_2,\ldots,F_n$, each satisfying certain (rather mild) conditions. We show that the median of $k$-th smallest order statistic of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Alexander E. Litvak , Konstantin Tikhomirov

A class of R-estimators based on the concepts of multivariate signed ranks and the optimal rank-based tests developed in Hallin and Paindaveine [Ann. Statist. 34 (2006)] is proposed for the estimation of the shape matrix of an elliptical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Marc Hallin , Hannu Oja , Davy Paindaveine

A common method for deriving non-parametric tests is to reformulate a parametric test in terms of sample ranks. Despite being distribution free (even in finite samples), the resulting tests often display remarkable asymptotic power…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Dan D. Erdmann-Pham , Jonathan Terhorst , Yun S. Song

Machine learning models are often evaluated using point estimates of performance metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, or mean squared error. Such summaries fail to capture the inherent variability induced by stochastic elements of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Christoph Lehmann , Yahor Paromau

We consider the \mnk{classical} problem of a controller activating (or sampling) sequentially from a finite number of $N \geq 2$ populations, specified by unknown distributions. Over some time horizon, at each time $n = 1, 2, \ldots$, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-18 Wesley Cowan , Michael N. Katehakis

Given additional distributional information in the form of moment restrictions, kernel density and distribution function estimators with implied generalised empirical likelihood probabilities as weights achieve a reduction in variance due…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-08 Vitaliy Oryshchenko , Richard J. Smith

We consider a situation where the distribution of a random variable is being estimated by the empirical distribution of noisy measurements of that variable. This is common practice in, for example, teacher value-added models and other…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-12-08 Koen Jochmans , Martin Weidner

In this paper, I propose a general procedure for multivariate distribution-free nonparametric testing derived from the concept of ranks that are based upon measure transportation in the context of multiple change point analysis. I will use…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2021-08-30 Amanda Ng

We submit newly developed citation impact indicators based not on arithmetic averages of citations but on percentile ranks. Citation distributions are-as a rule-highly skewed and should not be arithmetically averaged. With percentile ranks,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2011-06-21 Loet Leydesdorff , Lutz Bornmann , Rüdiger Mutz , Tobias Opthof

This article considers nonparametric regression models with multivariate covariates and with responses missing at random. We estimate the regression function with a local polynomial smoother. The residual-based empirical distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-27 Justin Chown , Ursula U. Müller

We study the estimation of distributional treatment effects in randomized experiments with imperfect compliance. When participants do not adhere to their assigned treatments, we leverage treatment assignment as an instrumental variable to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-28 Undral Byambadalai , Tomu Hirata , Tatsushi Oka , Shota Yasui

Certain extremum estimators have asymptotic distributions that are non-Gaussian, yet characterizable as the distribution of the $\argmax$ of a Gaussian process. This paper presents high-level sufficient conditions under which such…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-24 Matias D. Cattaneo , Gregory Fletcher Cox , Michael Jansson , Kenichi Nagasawa

We study a rank based univariate two-sample distribution-free test. The test statistic is the difference between the average of between-group rank distances and the average of within-group rank distances. This test statistic is closely…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-28 Jamye Curry , Xin Dang , Hailin Sang