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Work in closed quantum systems is usually defined by a two-point measurement. This definition of work is compatible with quantum fluctuation theorems but it fundamentally differs from its classical counterpart. In this paper, we study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-16 Ignacio García-Mata , Augusto J. Roncaglia , Diego A. Wisniacki

It has been established that the inclusive work for classical, Hamiltonian dynamics is equivalent to the two-time energy measurement paradigm in isolated quantum systems. However, a plethora of other notions of quantum work has emerged, and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-08 Akira Sone , Sebastian Deffner

We derive the differential equation describing the time evolution of the work probability distribution function of a stochastic system which is driven out of equilibrium by the manipulation of a parameter. We consider both systems described…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Imparato , L. Peliti

We study the work fluctuations of two types of finite quantum spin chains under the application of a time-dependent magnetic field in the context of the fluctuation relation and Jarzynski equality. The two types of quantum chains correspond…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-05-30 Sven Dorosz , Thierry Platini , Dragi Karevski

We employ the quantum jump trajectory approach to construct a systematic framework to study the thermodynamics at the trajectory level in a nonequilibrium open quantum system under discrete feedback control. Within this framework, we derive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-07-12 Zongping Gong , Yuto Ashida , Masahito Ueda

Based on previous studies in a single particle system in both the integrable [Jarzynski, Quan, and Rahav, Phys.~Rev.~X {\bf 5}, 031038 (2015)] and the chaotic systems [Zhu, Gong, Wu, and Quan, Phys.~Rev.~E {\bf 93}, 062108 (2016)], we study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-15 Qian Wang , H. T. Quan

Quantum open systems evolve according to completely positive, trace preserving maps acting on the density operator, which can equivalently be unraveled in term of so-called quantum trajectories. These stochastic sequences of pure states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Cyril Elouard , Hamed Mohammady

We study the work statistics of a measurement-based quantum Otto engine, where quantum non-selective measurements are used to fuel the engine, in a coupled spin working system (WS). The WS exhibits quantum coherence in the energy eigenbasis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Chayan Purkait , Shubhrangshu Dasgupta , Asoka Biswas

We discuss an approach to determine averages of the work, dissipated heat and variation of internal energy of an open quantum system driven by an external classical field. These quantities are measured by coupling the quantum system to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Paolo Solinas , Mirko Amico , Nino N. Zanghì

The Jarzynski equality (JE), which connects the equilibrium free energy with non-equilibrium work statistics, plays a crucial role in quantum thermodynamics. Although practical quantum systems are usually multi-level systems, most tests of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-26 Wenquan Liu , Zhibo Niu , Wei Cheng , Xin Li , Chang-Kui Duan , Zhangqi Yin , Xing Rong , Jiangfeng Du

The imaginary-time path integral representation of the canonical partition function of a quantum system and non-equilibrium work fluctuation relations are combined to yield methods for computing free energy differences in quantum systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ramses van Zon , Lisandro Hernandez de la Pena , Gilles H. Peslherbe , Jeremy Schofield

We experimentally verify the Jarzynski and W\"ojcik quantum heat exchange fluctuation relation by implementing the interferometric technique in liquid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance setup and study the exchange heat statistics between two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-10-30 Soham Pal , T S Mahesh , Bijay Kumar Agarwalla

Thermodynamics constrains changes to the energy of a system, both deliberate and random, via its first and second laws. When the system is not in equilibrium, fluctuation theorems such as the Jarzynski equality further restrict the…

The well-known Jarzynski equality, often written in the form $e^{-\beta\Delta F}=\langle e^{-\beta W}\rangle$, provides a non-equilibrium means to measure the free energy difference $\Delta F$ of a system at the same inverse temperature…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-22 Jiawen Deng , Juan D. Jaramillo , Peter Hanggi , Jiangbin Gong

The relation between the distribution of work performed on a classical system by an external force switched on an arbitrary timescale, and the corresponding equilibrium free energy difference, is generalized to quantum systems. Using the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Shaul Mukamel

This paper investigates a new formalism to describe real time evolution of quantum systems at finite temperature. A time correlation function among subsystems will be derived which allows for a probabilistic interpretation. Our derivation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 E. Mendel , M. Nest

We study the full distribution of quantum work in generic, noninteracting, disordered fermionic nanosystems at finite temperature. We derive an analytical determinant formula for the characteristic function of work statistics for quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 András Grabarits , Márton Kormos , Izabella Lovas , Gergely Zaránd

Determining the statistics of work done on a quantum system while strongly coupled to a reservoir is a formidable task, requiring the calculation of the full eigenspectrum of the combined system and reservoir. Here we show that this issue…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Owen Diba , Harry J. D. Miller , Jake Iles-Smith , Ahsan Nazir

We analyze the heat exchange distribution of quantum open systems undergoing a thermal relaxation that maximizes the entropy production. We show that the process implies a type of generalized law of cooling in terms of a time dependent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-06 D. S. P. Salazar , A. M. S. Macêdo , G. L. Vasconcelos

We study the quantum Jarzynski relation for driven quantum models embedded in various environments. We do so by generalizing a proof presented by Mukamel [Phys. Rev. Lett 90, 170604 (2003)] for closed quantum systems. In this way, we are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-12-04 Jens Teifel , Günter Mahler