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Fluctuations of various observables in heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies have been extensively studied as they provide important signals regarding the formation of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Because of the large number of…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-03-23 Maitreyee Mukherjee

The chaotical dynamics is studied in different Friedmann-Robertson- Walker cosmological models with scalar (inflaton) field and hydrodynamical matter. The topological entropy is calculated for some particular cases. Suggested scheme can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Yu. Kamenshchik , I. M. Khalatnikov S. V. Savchenko , A. V. Toporensky

A brief survey of theoretical approaches to description of multiplicity distributions in high energy processes is given. It is argued that the multicomponent nature of these processes leads to some peculiar characteristics observed…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 I. M. Dremin

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions are a powerful tool to characterize the global properties of the created system. They have been measured in a wide range of energies at the GSI, AGS, SPS and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-12-04 F. Prino

Multiplicity and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) density ($dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$) distributions of charged hadrons provide key information towards understanding the particle production mechanisms and initial conditions of high-energy heavy-ion…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2020-11-16 Sumit Basu , Sanchari Thakur , Tapan K. Nayak , Claude A. Pruneau

Information-theoretic quantities, such as entropy, are used to quantify the amount of information a given variable provides. Entropies can be used together to compute the mutual information, which quantifies the amount of information two…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-12-22 Kevin H. Knuth , Deniz Gençağa , William B. Rossow

The p$-$p collisions at high multiplicity at LHC show small scale collective effects similar to that observed in heavy ion collisions such as enhanced production of strange and multi-strange hadrons, long range azimuthal correlations, etc.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-10-30 Ranjit Nayak , Subhadip Pal , Sadhana Dash

Coupling hadronic kinetic theory models to fluid dynamics in phenomenological studies of heavy ion collisions requires a prescription for ``particlization''. Existing particlization models are based on implicit or explicit assumptions about…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-06-16 Derek Everett , Chandrodoy Chattopadhyay , Ulrich Heinz

The double ridge structure previously observed in Pb-Pb collisions has also been recently observed in high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 5.02 TeV. These systems show a long-range structure (large separation in Delta_eta) at…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-17 L. Milano

The principle of entropy increase is not only the basis of statistical mechanics, but also closely related to the irreversibility of time, the origin of life, chaos and turbulence. In this paper, we first discuss the dynamic system…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-11 Zou Dan Dan

Soft pp interactions are considered in the framework of the phenomenological model with color strings formation. Under the assumption, that the elementary collision is realized as interaction of two color dipoles, the total inelastic cross…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-10-23 V. N. Kovalenko

The procedures of validating simulation of particle physics events at the LHC are summarized. Because of the strongly fluctuating particle content of LHC events and detector interactions, particle based Monte Carlo methods are an…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-07-23 Peter Mättig

We study the structure of jets in proton-proton collisions at LHC energies using \textsc{Pythia} 8 Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that the radial jet profiles exhibit scaling properties with charged-hadron event multiplicity over a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-07-13 Antal Gemes , Robert Vertesi , Gabor Papp , Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi

Entanglement of spatial bipartitions, used to explore lattice models in condensed matter physics, may be insufficient to fully describe itinerant quantum many-body systems in the continuum. We introduce a procedure to measure the R\'enyi…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2014-04-23 C. M. Herdman , P. -N. Roy , R. G. Melko , A. Del Maestro

The determination of the primary energy and mass of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECR) generating extensive air-showers in the Earth's atmosphere, relies on the detailed modeling of hadronic multiparticle production at center-of-mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 David d'Enterria , Ralph Engel , Tanguy Pierog , Sergey Ostapchenko , Klaus Werner

The $\Delta$-scaling method has been applied to the total multiplicity distribution of the relativistic ion collisions of p+p, C+C and Pb+Pb which were simulated by a Monte Carlo package, LUCIAE 3.0. It is found that the $\Delta$-scaling…

Inelastic pp collisions are dominated by soft (low momentum transfer) physics where perturbative QCD cannot be fully applied. A deep understanding of both soft and semi-hard processes is crucial for predictions of minimum bias and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Maria Teresa Dova , Sergio Ferrari

The energy flow created in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV is studied within the pseudorapidity range 1.9<eta<4.9 with data collected by the LHCb experiment. The measurements are performed for inclusive minimum-bias interactions, hard…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2013-05-20 LHCb collaboration , R. Aaij , C. Abellan Beteta , A. Adametz , B. Adeva , M. Adinolfi , C. Adrover , A. Affolder , Z. Ajaltouni , J. Albrecht , F. Alessio , M. Alexander , S. Ali , G. Alkhazov , P. Alvarez Cartelle , A. A. Alves , S. Amato , Y. Amhis , L. Anderlini , J. Anderson , R. B. Appleby , O. Aquines Gutierrez , F. Archilli , A. Artamonov , M. Artuso , E. Aslanides , G. Auriemma , S. Bachmann , J. J. Back , C. Baesso , V. Balagura , W. Baldini , R. J. Barlow , C. Barschel , S. Barsuk , W. Barter , A. Bates , Th. Bauer , A. Bay , J. Beddow , I. Bediaga , S. Belogurov , K. Belous , I. Belyaev , E. Ben-Haim , M. Benayoun , G. Bencivenni , S. Benson , J. Benton , A. Berezhnoy , R. Bernet , M. -O. Bettler , M. van Beuzekom , A. Bien , S. Bifani , T. Bird , A. Bizzeti , P. M. Bjørnstad , T. Blake , F. Blanc , C. Blanks , J. Blouw , S. Blusk , A. Bobrov , V. Bocci , A. Bondar , N. Bondar , W. Bonivento , S. Borghi , A. Borgia , T. J. V. Bowcock , C. Bozzi , T. Brambach , J. van den Brand , J. Bressieux , D. Brett , M. Britsch , T. Britton , N. H. Brook , H. Brown , A. Büchler-Germann , I. Burducea , A. Bursche , J. Buytaert , S. Cadeddu , O. Callot , M. Calvi , M. Calvo Gomez , A. Camboni , P. Campana , A. Carbone , G. Carboni , R. Cardinale , A. Cardini , H. Carranza-Mejia , L. Carson , K. Carvalho Akiba , G. Casse , M. Cattaneo , Ch. Cauet , M. Charles , Ph. Charpentier , P. Chen , N. Chiapolini , M. Chrzaszcz , K. Ciba , X. Cid Vidal , G. Ciezarek , P. E. L. Clarke , M. Clemencic , H. V. Cliff , J. Closier , C. Coca , V. Coco , J. Cogan , E. Cogneras , P. Collins , A. Comerma-Montells , A. Contu , A. Cook , M. Coombes , G. Corti , B. Couturier , G. A. Cowan , D. C. Craik , S. Cunliffe , R. Currie , C. D'Ambrosio , P. David , P. N. Y. David , I. De Bonis , K. De Bruyn , S. De Capua , M. De Cian , J. M. De Miranda , L. De Paula , P. De Simone , D. Decamp , M. Deckenhoff , H. Degaudenzi , L. Del Buono , C. Deplano , D. Derkach , O. Deschamps , F. Dettori , A. Di Canto , J. Dickens , H. Dijkstra , P. Diniz Batista , M. Dogaru , F. Domingo Bonal , S. Donleavy , F. Dordei , A. Dosil Suárez , D. Dossett , A. Dovbnya , F. Dupertuis , R. Dzhelyadin , A. Dziurda , A. Dzyuba , S. Easo , U. Egede , V. Egorychev , S. Eidelman , D. van Eijk , S. Eisenhardt , U. Eitschberger , R. Ekelhof , L. Eklund , I. El Rifai , Ch. Elsasser , D. Elsby , A. Falabella , C. Färber , G. Fardell , C. Farinelli , S. Farry , V. Fave , D. Ferguson , V. Fernandez Albor , F. Ferreira Rodrigues , M. Ferro-Luzzi , S. Filippov , M. Fiore , C. Fitzpatrick , M. Fontana , F. Fontanelli , R. Forty , O. Francisco , M. Frank , C. Frei , M. Frosini , S. Furcas , A. Gallas Torreira , D. Galli , M. Gandelman , P. Gandini , Y. Gao , J-C. Garnier , J. Garofoli , P. Garosi , J. Garra Tico , L. Garrido , C. Gaspar , R. Gauld , E. Gersabeck , M. Gersabeck , T. Gershon , Ph. Ghez , V. Gibson , V. V. Gligorov , C. Göbel , D. Golubkov , A. Golutvin , A. Gomes , H. Gordon , M. Grabalosa Gándara , R. Graciani Diaz , L. A. Granado Cardoso , E. Graugés , G. Graziani , A. Grecu , E. Greening , S. Gregson , O. Grünberg , B. Gui , E. Gushchin , Yu. Guz , T. Gys , C. Hadjivasiliou , G. Haefeli , C. Haen , S. C. Haines , S. Hall , T. Hampson , S. Hansmann-Menzemer , N. Harnew , S. T. Harnew , J. Harrison , P. F. Harrison , T. Hartmann , J. He , V. Heijne , K. Hennessy , P. Henrard , J. A. Hernando Morata , E. van Herwijnen , E. Hicks , D. Hill , M. Hoballah , P. Hopchev , W. Hulsbergen , P. Hunt , T. Huse , N. Hussain , D. Hutchcroft , D. Hynds , V. Iakovenko , P. Ilten , J. Imong , R. Jacobsson , A. Jaeger , M. Jahjah Hussein , E. Jans , F. Jansen , P. Jaton , B. Jean-Marie , F. Jing , M. John , D. Johnson , C. R. Jones , B. Jost , M. Kaballo , S. Kandybei , M. Karacson , T. M. Karbach , I. R. Kenyon , U. Kerzel , T. Ketel , A. Keune , B. Khanji , Y. M. Kim , O. Kochebina , I. Komarov , R. F. Koopman , P. Koppenburg , M. Korolev , A. Kozlinskiy , L. Kravchuk , K. Kreplin , M. Kreps , G. Krocker , P. Krokovny , F. Kruse , M. Kucharczyk , V. Kudryavtsev , T. Kvaratskheliya , V. N. La Thi , D. Lacarrere , G. Lafferty , A. Lai , D. Lambert , R. W. Lambert , E. Lanciotti , G. Lanfranchi , C. Langenbruch , T. Latham , C. Lazzeroni , R. Le Gac , J. van Leerdam , J. -P. Lees , R. Lefèvre , A. Leflat , J. Lefrançois , O. Leroy , Y. Li , L. Li Gioi , M. Liles , R. Lindner , C. Linn , B. Liu , G. Liu , J. von Loeben , J. H. Lopes , E. Lopez Asamar , N. Lopez-March , H. Lu , J. Luisier , H. Luo , A. Mac Raighne , F. Machefert , I. V. Machikhiliyan , F. Maciuc , O. Maev , S. Malde , G. Manca , G. Mancinelli , N. Mangiafave , U. Marconi , R. Märki , J. Marks , G. Martellotti , A. Martens , L. Martin , A. Martín Sánchez , M. Martinelli , D. Martinez Santos , D. Martins Tostes , A. Massafferri , R. Matev , Z. Mathe , C. Matteuzzi , M. Matveev , E. Maurice , A. Mazurov , J. McCarthy , G. McGregor , R. McNulty , F. Meier , M. Meissner , M. Merk , J. Merkel , D. A. Milanes , M. -N. Minard , J. Molina Rodriguez , S. Monteil , D. Moran , P. Morawski , R. Mountain , I. Mous , F. Muheim , K. Müller , R. Muresan , B. Muryn , B. Muster , J. Mylroie-Smith , P. Naik , T. Nakada , R. Nandakumar , I. Nasteva , M. Needham , N. Neufeld , A. D. Nguyen , T. D. Nguyen , C. Nguyen-Mau , M. Nicol , V. Niess , R. Niet , N. Nikitin , T. Nikodem , A. Nomerotski , A. Novoselov , A. Oblakowska-Mucha , V. Obraztsov , S. Oggero , S. Ogilvy , O. Okhrimenko , R. Oldeman , M. Orlandea , J. M. Otalora Goicochea , P. Owen , B. K. Pal , A. Palano , M. Palutan , J. Panman , A. Papanestis , M. Pappagallo , C. Parkes , C. J. Parkinson , G. Passaleva , G. D. Patel , M. Patel , G. N. Patrick , C. Patrignani , C. Pavel-Nicorescu , A. Pazos Alvarez , A. Pellegrino , G. Penso , M. Pepe Altarelli , S. Perazzini , D. L. Perego , E. Perez Trigo , A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo , P. Perret , M. Perrin-Terrin , G. Pessina , K. Petridis , A. Petrolini , A. Phan , E. Picatoste Olloqui , B. Pie Valls , B. Pietrzyk , T. Pilař , D. Pinci , S. Playfer , M. Plo Casasus , F. Polci , G. Polok , A. Poluektov , E. Polycarpo , D. Popov , B. Popovici , C. Potterat , A. Powell , J. Prisciandaro , V. Pugatch , A. Puig Navarro , W. Qian , J. H. Rademacker , B. Rakotomiaramanana , M. S. Rangel , I. Raniuk , N. Rauschmayr , G. Raven , S. Redford , M. M. Reid , A. C. dos Reis , S. Ricciardi , A. Richards , K. Rinnert , V. Rives Molina , D. A. Roa Romero , P. Robbe , E. Rodrigues , P. Rodriguez Perez , G. J. Rogers , S. Roiser , V. Romanovsky , A. Romero Vidal , J. Rouvinet , T. Ruf , H. Ruiz , G. Sabatino , J. J. Saborido Silva , N. Sagidova , P. Sail , B. Saitta , C. Salzmann , B. Sanmartin Sedes , M. Sannino , R. Santacesaria , C. Santamarina Rios , R. Santinelli , E. Santovetti , M. Sapunov , A. Sarti , C. Satriano , A. Satta , M. Savrie , D. Savrina , P. Schaack , M. Schiller , H. Schindler , S. Schleich , M. Schlupp , M. Schmelling , B. Schmidt , O. Schneider , A. Schopper , M. -H. Schune , R. Schwemmer , B. Sciascia , A. Sciubba , M. Seco , A. Semennikov , K. Senderowska , I. Sepp , N. Serra , J. Serrano , P. Seyfert , M. Shapkin , I. Shapoval , P. Shatalov , Y. Shcheglov , T. Shears , L. Shekhtman , O. Shevchenko , V. Shevchenko , A. Shires , R. Silva Coutinho , T. Skwarnicki , N. A. Smith , E. Smith , M. Smith , K. Sobczak , F. J. P. Soler , F. Soomro , D. Souza , B. Souza De Paula , B. Spaan , A. Sparkes , P. Spradlin , F. Stagni , S. Stahl , O. Steinkamp , S. Stoica , S. Stone , B. Storaci , M. Straticiuc , U. Straumann , V. K. Subbiah , S. Swientek , V. Syropoulos , M. Szczekowski , P. Szczypka , T. Szumlak , S. T'Jampens , M. Teklishyn , E. Teodorescu , F. Teubert , C. Thomas , E. Thomas , J. van Tilburg , V. Tisserand , M. Tobin , S. Tolk , D. Tonelli , S. Topp-Joergensen , N. Torr , E. Tournefier , S. Tourneur , M. T. Tran , M. Tresch , A. Tsaregorodtsev , P. Tsopelas , N. Tuning , M. Ubeda Garcia , A. Ukleja , D. Urner , U. Uwer , V. Vagnoni , G. Valenti , R. Vazquez Gomez , P. Vazquez Regueiro , S. Vecchi , J. J. Velthuis , M. Veltri , G. Veneziano , M. Vesterinen , B. Viaud , I. Videau , D. Vieira , X. Vilasis-Cardona , J. Visniakov , A. Vollhardt , D. Volyanskyy , D. Voong , A. Vorobyev , V. Vorobyev , C. Voß , H. Voss , R. Waldi , R. Wallace , S. Wandernoth , J. Wang , D. R. Ward , N. K. Watson , A. D. Webber , D. Websdale , M. Whitehead , J. Wicht , D. Wiedner , L. Wiggers , G. Wilkinson , M. P. Williams , M. Williams , F. F. Wilson , J. Wishahi , M. Witek , W. Witzeling , S. A. Wotton , S. Wright , S. Wu , K. Wyllie , Y. Xie , F. Xing , Z. Xing , Z. Yang , R. Young , X. Yuan , O. Yushchenko , M. Zangoli , M. Zavertyaev , F. Zhang , L. Zhang , W. C. Zhang , Y. Zhang , A. Zhelezov , A. Zhokhov , L. Zhong , A. Zvyagin

The transverse momentum ($p_T$) and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) spectra of charged particles produced in proton-proton ($pp$) and lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at the large hadron collider (LHC) are described by a hybrid model. In the model, the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-01-13 Ya-Hui Chen , Fu-Hu Liu , Sakina Fakhraddin , Magda A. Rahim , Mai-Ying Duan

Large density fluctuations of charged particles are the promising signatures for exploring the QCD phase transition and critical point in heavy ion collisions. These fluctuations are expected to exhibit fractal and scale invariant…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-05-26 Fakhar Ul Haider , Ramni Gupta , Salman Khurshid Malik , Balwan Singh , Zarina Banoo