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Photonic computing has emerged as a promising substrate for accelerating the dense linear-algebra operations at the heart of AI, yet adoption for large Transformer models remains in its infancy. We identify two bottlenecks: (1) costly…
When working with astronomical data, metadata is also important. A general-purpose file format for transmission, processing and archiving large datasets should facilitate, among other things, both efficient processing of bulk data and…
I describe a new, open-source astronomical image-fitting program called Imfit, specialized for galaxies but potentially useful for other sources, which is fast, flexible, and highly extensible. A key characteristic of the program is an…
Access to astronomical data through archives and VO is essential but does not solve all problems. Availability of appropriate software for analyzing the data is often equally important for the efficiency with which a researcher can publish…
Time-bin qubits, in which quantum information is encoded in a single photon at different times $\Delta$t, are suitable for long-distance transmission via optical fibers. However, detection of time-bin qubits has been limited to the…
We compare a variety of lossless image compression methods on a large sample of astronomical images and show how the compression ratios and speeds of the algorithms are affected by the amount of noise in the images. In the ideal case where…
In this paper we describe the FIT\textit{spec} code, a data mining tool for the automatic fitting of synthetic stellar spectra. The program uses a database of 27\,000 {\sc cmfgen} models of stellar atmospheres arranged in a six-dimensional…
Although the roles of data centers and computing centers are becoming more and more important, and on-line research is becoming the mainstream for astronomy, individual research based on locally hosted data is still very common. With the…
As the volume of data grows, astronomers are increasingly faced with choices on what data to keep -- and what to throw away. Recent work evaluating the JPEG2000 (ISO/IEC 15444) standards as a future data format standard in astronomy has…
The future of astronomy is inextricably entwined with the care and feeding of astronomical data products. Community standards such as FITS and NDF have been instrumental in the success of numerous astronomy projects. Their very success…
A new golden age in astronomy is upon us, dominated by data. Large astronomical surveys are broadcasting unprecedented rates of information, demanding machine learning as a critical component in modern scientific pipelines to handle the…
The Fourier Domain Acceleration Search (FDAS) is an effective technique for detecting faint binary pulsars in large radio astronomy datasets. This paper quantifies the sensitivity impact of reducing numerical precision in the GPU…
We propose a fast, distance-preserving, binary embedding algorithm to transform a high-dimensional dataset $\mathcal{T}\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$ into binary sequences in the cube $\{\pm 1\}^m$. When $\mathcal{T}$ consists of well-spread (i.e.,…
A numerical recipe is given for obtaining the density image of an initially compact quantum mechanical wavefunction that has expanded by a large but finite factor under free flight. The recipe given avoids the memory storage problems that…
The principles and practice of astronomical imaging Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) at far-infrared wavelengths are described. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer design has been widely adopted for current and future imaging FTS…
Research has shown that convolutional neural networks contain significant redundancy, and high classification accuracy can be obtained even when weights and activations are reduced from floating point to binary values. In this paper, we…
Astronomical radio maps are presented mainly in FITS format. Astronomical Image Processing Software (AIPS) uses a set of tables attached to the output map to include all sorts of information concerning the production of the image. However…
ALMA is estimated to generate TB scale data during only one observation; astronomers manage to identify which part of the data they are really interested in. Now we have been developing new GUI software for this purpose utilizing the VO…
This paper describes the VIS Processing Function (VIS PF) of the Euclid ground segment pipeline, which processes and calibrates raw data from the VIS camera. We present the algorithms used in each processing element, along with a…
Vision Transformers (ViTs) leverage the transformer architecture to effectively capture global context, demonstrating strong performance in computer vision tasks. A major challenge in ViT hardware acceleration is that the model family…