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Epidemic spread on networks is one of the most studied dynamics in network science and has important implications in real epidemic scenarios. Nonetheless, the dynamics of real epidemics and how it is affected by the underline structure of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-08 Bnaya Gross , Shlomo Havlin

The study proposes a modeling framework for investigating the disease dynamics with adaptive human behavior during a disease outbreak, considering the impacts of both local observations and global information. One important application…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-08-26 Xinwu Qian , Jiawei Xue , Satish V. Ukkusuri

Epidemic models currently play a central role in our attempts to understand and control infectious diseases. Here, we derive a model for the diffusion limit of stochastic susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) epidemic dynamics on a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-09-30 Matthew Graham , Thomas House

The spreading of epidemics is very much determined by the structure of the contact network, which may be impacted by the mobility dynamics of the individuals themselves. In confined scenarios where a small, closed population spends most of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-05-09 Clara Granell , Peter J. Mucha

One of the major issues in the theoretical modeling of epidemic spreading is the development of methods to control the transmission of an infectious agent. Human behavior plays a fundamental role in the spreading dynamics and can be used to…

Most epidemic models assume equal mixing among members of a population. An alternative approach is to model a population as random network in which individuals may have heterogeneous connectivity. This paper builds on previous research by…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Erik Volz

We study the spreading of a disease on top of structured scale-free networks recently introduced. By means of numerical simulations we analyze the SIS and the SIR models. Our results show that when the connectivity fluctuations of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Yamir Moreno , Alexei Vazquez

We study how international flights can facilitate the spread of an epidemic to a worldwide scale. We combine an infrastructure network of flight connections with a population density dataset to derive the mobility network, and then we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-26 Hugo Dolan , Riccardo Rastelli

Infectious disease superspreading caused by heterogeneity in contact behavior has been observed to be an important determinant of epidemic dynamics and size in both empirical and theoretical settings. However, it has also been observed that…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-27 Ari S. Freedman , Bjarke F. Nielsen , Maximillian M. Nguyen , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Simon A. Levin

The course of an epidemic is not only shaped by infection transmission over face-to-face contacts, but also by preventive behaviour caused by risk perception and social interactions. This study explores the dynamics of coupled awareness and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-02-24 Tim Van Wesemael , Luis E. C. Rocha , Jan M. Baetens

The spread of infectious disease and the evolution of antigenically distinct strains are often modeled separately, despite strong feedbacks mediated by host immune memory and heterogeneous contacts. To tackle this challenging problem, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-01 Davide Zanchetta , Vittoria Bettio , Sandro Azaele , Manlio De Domenico

The study of social networks, and in particular the spread of disease on networks, has attracted considerable recent attention in the physics community. In this paper, we show that a large class of standard epidemiological models, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 M. E. J. Newman

We consider the edge-based compartmental models for infectious disease spread introduced in Part I. These models allow us to consider standard SIR diseases spreading in random populations. In this paper we show how to handle deviations of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-03 Joel C. Miller , Erik M. Volz

Several systems can be modeled as sets of interdependent networks where each network contains distinct nodes. Diffusion processes like the spreading of a disease or the propagation of information constitute fundamental phenomena occurring…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Mostafa Salehi , Payam Siyari , Matteo Magnani , Danilo Montesi

We present a continuous formulation of epidemic spreading on multilayer networks using a tensorial representation, extending the models of monoplex networks to this context. We derive analytical expressions for the epidemic threshold of the…

We investigate infectious disease spreading on scale-free networks using a heterogeneous mean-field approach applied to the susceptible-infected-susceptible model, incorporating a mitigation factor. Individual heterogeneity is incorporated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 João Gabriel Simões Delboni , M. O. Hase

Understanding how internal community structure shapes the course of epidemics remains a fundamental challenge in modeling real-world populations. Standard metapopulation models often assume uniform mixing within communities, overlooking how…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-07 Haoyang Qian , Malbor Asllani

Compartmental models of epidemics are widely used to forecast the effects of communicable diseases such as COVID-19 and to guide policy. Although it has long been known that such processes take place on social networks, the assumption of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-03-14 Samuel Johnson

In some systems, the behavior of the constituent units can create a `context' that modifies the direct interactions among them. This mechanism of indirect modification inspired us to develop a minimal model of context-dependent spreading.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-06-13 Giulio Burgio , Sergio Gómez , Alex Arenas

It is often useful to represent the infectious dynamics of mobile agents by metapopulation models. In such a model, metapopulations form a static network, and individuals migrate from one metapopulation to another. It is known that…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2010-09-09 Naoki Masuda