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It is shown theoretically that a nonchiral, two-dimensional array of metallic spheres exhibits optical activity as manifested in calculations of circular dichroism. The metallic spheres occupy the sites of a rectangular lattice and for…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Vassilios Yannopapas

Self-assembly of granular particles is of great interest in both applied and basic research. It is commonly observed that when randomly packed into a container, granular particles form disordered structures like glass. As the particles are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-20 Reza Amirifar , Kejun Dong , Aibing Yu

The self-amplifying creeping of salts can produce striking macroscopic structures, such as desert roses in arid regions and salt pillars near saline lakes. While these formations are visually remarkable, salt crystallization, often seen as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-27 R. J. Wijnhorst , M. Prat , N. Shahidzadeh

Pulsars are famed for their rotational clock-like stability and their highly-repeatable pulse shapes. However, it has long been known that there are unexplained deviations (often termed "timing noise") from the rate at which we predict…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-06-29 Andrew Lyne , George Hobbs , Michael Kramer , Ingrid Stairs , Ben Stappers

The question how complex systems become more organized and efficient with time is open. Examples are, the formation of elementary particles from pure energy, the formation of atoms from particles, the formation of stars and galaxies, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-17 Georgi Georgiev , Atanu Chatterjee , Germano Iannacchione

A ubiquitous motif in nature is the self-similar hierarchical buckling of a thin lamina near its margins. This is seen in leaves, flowers, fungi, corals, and marine invertebrates. We investigate this morphology from the perspective of…

The notion of a spiral unfolding of a convex polyhedron, resulting by flattening a special type of Hamiltonian cut-path, is explored. The Platonic and Archimedian solids all have nonoverlapping spiral unfoldings, although among generic…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Joseph O'Rourke

Two-dimensional crystals on curved manifolds exhibit nontrivial defect structures. Here, we consider "active crystals" on a sphere, which are composed of self-propelled colloidal particles. Our work is based on a new…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-05-30 Simon Praetorius , Axel Voigt , Raphael Wittkowski , Hartmut Löwen

In spherical symmetry with radial coordinate $r$, classical Newtonian gravitation supports circular orbits and, for $-1/r$ and $r^2$ potentials only, closed elliptical orbits [1]. Various families of elliptical orbits can be thought of as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Dimitris M. Christodoulou

We describe the construction of a new family of developable rollers based on the Platonic solids. In this way kinetic sculptures may be realised, with the Platonic solids quite literally in their heart. We also describe the strong way in…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-03-17 Katherine A. Seaton , David Hirsch

We argue that self-excited instabilities are the cause of spiral patterns in simulations of unperturbed stellar discs. In previous papers, we have found that spiral patterns were caused by a few concurrent waves, which we claimed were…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-14 J. A. Sellwood , Ray G. Carlberg

It is demonstrated that iterative repeating of some simple geometric construction leads unavoidably in the limit to the golden ratio. The procedure appears to be quickly convergent regardless of a ratio of initial elements sizes. This could…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2012-08-14 Dorota Jacak

We investigate the dynamical behavior of rings around bodies whose shapes depart considerably from that of a sphere. To this end, we have developed a new self-gravitating discrete element N-body code, and employed a local simulation method…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-24 Akash Gupta , Sharvari Nadkarni-Ghosh , Ishan Sharma

Pulsars are spinning neutron stars with very regular periods. These pulsars have, however, had instances where they exhibit a change in their periods. Older theories have shown that older pulsars have a tendency to skip and speed up. Newer…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-19 Clayton Miller

Self-assembly is the process in which the components of a system, whether molecules, polymers, or macroscopic particles, are organized into ordered structures as a result of local interactions between the components themselves, without…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Thomas Fernique , Ilya Galanov

Pattern forming systems allow for a wealth of states, where wavelengths and orientation of patterns varies and defects disrupt patches of monocrystalline regions. Growth of patterns has long been recognized as a strong selection mechanism.…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2023-02-28 Ryan Goh , Arnd Scheel

Controlling the shape and structure of metallic colloids is an important topic. Here, different morphology-structures of colloidal gold particles are investigated with different process parameters in a pulse-based electron-photon and…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-07-02 Mubarak Ali , I-Nan Lin

Reading cut the hyperplanes in a real central arrangement $\mathcal H$ into pieces called \emph{shards}, which reflect order-theoretic properties of the arrangement. We show that shards have a natural interpretation as certain generators of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-15 Colin Defant , Nathan Williams

Dynamics of regular clusters of many non-touching particles falling under gravity in a viscous fluid at low Reynolds number are analysed within the point-particle model. Evolution of two families of particle configurations is determined: 2…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-09-02 Marta Gruca , Marek Bukowicki , Maria L. Ekiel-Jezewska

The spacings of super-Earths in multi-transiting systems exhibit a distribution that is broad and mostly featureless, with the exception of notable excesses of planet pairs situated a few percent wide of first-order mean motion resonances…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-26 Sam Hadden , Yanqin Wu