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Digital inequality remains a significant barrier for many older adults, limiting their ability to navigate online spaces securely and confidently while increasing their susceptibility to cyber threats. In response, we propose a novel…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jacob Camilleri , Ashley Sheil , Michelle O'Keeffe , Moya Cronin , Melanie Gruben , Hazel Murray

A smart grid is an advanced method for supplying electricity to the consumers alleviating the limitations of the existing system. It causes frequent meter reading transmission from the end-user to the supplier. This frequent data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Mohammad Saidur Rahman

We discuss the robustness of two-way quantum communication protocols against Trojan horse attack and introduce a novel attack, delay-photon Trojan horse attack. Moreover, we present a practical way for two-way quantum communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fu-Guo Deng , Ping Zhou , Xi-Han Li , Chun-Yan Li , Hong-Yu Zhou

We demonstrate how adversaries with unbounded computing resources can break Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols which employ a particular message authentication code suggested previously. This authentication code, featuring low key…

In their seminal work on authentication, Wegman and Carter propose that to authenticate multiple messages, it is sufficient to reuse the same hash function as long as each tag is encrypted with a one-time pad. They argue that because the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Christopher Portmann

Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol…

With the rise of sophisticated authentication bypass techniques, passwords are no longer considered a reliable method for securing authentication systems. In recent years, new authentication technologies have shifted from traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Lien Tran , Boyuan Zhang , Ratchanon Pawanja , Rashid Hussain Khokhar

Even though passwords are the most convenient means of authentication, they bring along themselves the threat of dictionary attacks. Dictionary attacks may be of two kinds: online and offline. While offline dictionary attacks are possible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-11-17 Vipul Goyal , Virendra Kumar , Mayank Singh , Ajith Abraham , Sugata Sanyal

The usage of different technologies and smart devices helps people to get medical services remotely for multiple benefits. Thus, critical and sensitive data is exchanged between a user and a doctor. When health data is transmitted over a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Trupil Limbasiya , Sanjay K. Sahay , Bharath Sridharan

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are ubiquitously relied upon for positioning and timing. Detection and prevention of attacks against GNSS have been researched over the last decades, but many of these attacks and countermeasures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 M. Lenhart , M. Spanghero , P. Papadimitratos

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been developed for decades and several different QKD protocols have been proposed. But two difficulties limit the implementation of most QKD protocols. First, the involved participants are required to have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-04 Jun Gu , Tzonelih Hwang

We introduce quantitative usability and security models to guide the design of password management schemes --- systematic strategies to help users create and remember multiple passwords. In the same way that security proofs in cryptography…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-09-11 Jeremiah Blocki , Manuel Blum , Anupam Datta

Passwords are still used on a daily basis for all kind of applications. However, they are not secure enough by themselves in many cases. This work enhances password scenarios through two-factor authentication asking the users to draw each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez , Julian Fierrez , Javier Ortega-Garcia

Large-scale online password guessing attacks are wide-spread and continuously qualified as one of the top cyber-security risks. The common method for mitigating the risk of online cracking is to lock out the user after a fixed number ($K$)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Jeremiah Blocki , Wuwei Zhang

Group oriented applications are getting more and more popular in mobile Internet and call for secure and efficient secret sharing (SS) scheme to meet their requirements. A $(t,n)$ threshold SS scheme divides a secret into $n$ shares such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Fuyou Miao , Yue Yu , Keju Meng , Wenchao Huang , Yan Xiong

Speaker embedding based zero-shot Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems enable high-quality speech synthesis for unseen speakers using minimal data. However, these systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where an attacker introduces…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Ze Li , Yao Shi , Yunfei Xu , Ming Li

With the rapid advancement of wireless network technology, usage of WSN in real time applications like military, forest monitoring etc. found increasing. Generally WSN operate in an unattended environment and handles critical data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-11-14 Chandra Sekhar Vorugunti , Mrudula Sarvabhatla

The security of the previous quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, which is guaranteed by the nature of physics law, is based on the legitimate users. However, impersonation of the legitimate communicators by eavesdroppers, in practice,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng , Xinmei Wang

Tools that synchronize passwords over several user devices typically store the encrypted passwords in a central online database. For encryption, a low-entropy, password-based key is used. Such a database may be subject to unauthorized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Moritz Horsch , Andreas Hülsing , Johannes Buchmann

Based on the analysis of $6$-digit one-time passwords(OTP) generated by DIGIPASS GO3 we were able to reconstruct the synchronisation system of the token, the OTP generating algorithm and the verification protocol in details essential for an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Igor Semaev