Related papers: Altered Maxwell equations in the length gauge
Multipolar solutions of Maxwell's equations are used in many practical applications and are essential for the understanding of light-matter interactions at the fundamental level. Unlike the set of plane wave solutions of electromagnetic…
Gauge theories can be described by assigning a vector space V(x) to each space time point x. A common set of complex numbers, C, is usually assumed to be the set of scalars for all the V{x}. This is expanded here to assign a separate set of…
In curved spacetime, Maxwell's equations can be expressed in forms valid in Minkowski background, with the effect of the metric (gravity) appearing as effective polarizations and magnetizations. The electric and magnetic (EM) fields depend…
This article devoted to relativistic dynamics of a charged massive particle in an electroscalar field. It represents a continuation of paper [1] where the authors constructed a non-relativistic theory which describes transverse…
This work, that is devoted to the memory of Dr. Andrew Chubykalo and his legacy, is the improved version of the paper published in Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie journal. In this article, methods for solving the Maxwell equations…
One way of describing gauge theories in physics is to assign a vector space $V_{x}$ to each space time point $x.$ For each $x$ the field $\psi$ takes values $\psi(x)$ in $V_{x}.$ The freedom to choose a basis in each $V_{x}$ introduces…
The complex form of Maxwell equations has been constructed as one equation for 3-dimensional complex A-vector. The real and imaginary parts of this vector are described with use of electric and magnetic tensions accordingly. With using a…
We investigate gauge invariant cosmological perturbations in a spatially flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker universe with scalar fields. It is well known that the evolution equation for the gauge invariant quantities has exact solutions in the…
A massive vector gauge theory constructed from the matrix derivative approach of noncommutative geometry is compared with the Higgs-Connes-Lott theory. In the massive vector gauge theory, a new extra shift-like symmetry which is due to the…
The generalized Maxwell equations including an additional scalar field are considered in the first-order formalism. The gauge invariance of the Lagrangian and equations is broken resulting the appearance of a scalar field. We find the…
It has been asserted in the literature that the analogy between the linear and first order slow motion approximation of Einstein equations of General Relativity (gravitomagnetic equations) and the Maxwell-Lorentz equations of…
We address the problem of the energy conditions in modified gravity taking into account the additional degrees of freedom related to scalar fields and curvature invariants. The latter are usually interpreted as generalized {\it geometrical…
Maxwell-Lorenz theory describes only vortex electromagnetic processes. Potential component of the magnetic field is usually excluded by the introduction of mathematical terms: Coulomb and Lorenz gauges. Proposed approach to the construction…
In the classical electrodynamics, different gauges, i.e. connections between the electromagnetic potentials, are used. Some of these are quite specific and intended for calculations in special systems (absence of free charges, etc.). All of…
A theory of degenerate metrics is developed and applied to the problem of unifying gravitation with electromagnetism. The approach is similar to the Kaluza-Klein approach with a fifth dimension, however no ad hoc conditions are needed to…
Introductory calculus-based physics textbooks state that electromagnetic waves are transverse and list many of their properties, but most such textbooks do not bring forth arguments why this is so. Both physical and theoretical arguments…
Maxwellian approximations to linear general relativity are revisited in light of relatively recent results on the degrees of freedom in the linear gravitational field. The well-known Maxwellian formalism obtained in harmonic coordinates is…
Light carries energy, and therefore, it is the source of a gravitational field. The gravitational field of a beam of light in the short wavelength approximation has been studied by several authors. In this article, we consider light of…
A certain vector-tensor (VT) theory is revisited. It was proposed and analyzed as a theory of electromagnetism without the standard gauge invariance. Our attention is first focused on a detailed variational formulation of the theory, which…
Vector and scalar potentials are used for convenience in solving boundary value problems involving electromagnetic (EM) fields. The potentials are made unique by choosing a non-unique gauge relationship. The most commonly used gauges are…