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Hotelling's $T^2$ test is a classical approach for discriminating the means of two multivariate normal samples that share a population covariance matrix. Hotelling's test is not ideal for high-dimensional samples because the eigenvalues of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Benjamin D. Robinson , Robert Malinas , Van Latimer , Beth Bjorkman Morrison , Alfred O. Hero

The term moderate deviations is often used in the literature to mean a class of large deviation principles that, in some sense, fills the gap between a convergence in probability of some random variables to a constant and a weak convergence…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Rita Giuliano , Claudio Macci , Barbara Pacchiarotti

Le Cam's two-point testing method yields perhaps the simplest lower bound for estimating the mean of a distribution: roughly, if it is impossible to well-distinguish a distribution centered at $\mu$ from the same distribution centered at…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Spencer Compton , Gregory Valiant

We establish a Cram\'er-type moderate deviation result for self-normalized sums of weakly dependent random variables, where the moment requirement is much weaker than the non-self-normalized counterpart. The range of the moderate deviation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-15 Xiaohong Chen , Qi-Man Shao , Wei Biao Wu

Designed gene expression micro-array experiments, consisting of several treatment levels with a number of replicates per level, are analyzed by applying simple tests for group differences at the per gene level. The gene level statistics are…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-11 Grant Izmirlian

We investigate covariance shrinkage for Hotelling's $T^2$ in the regime where the data dimension $p$ and the sample size $n$ grow in a fixed ratio -- without assuming that the population covariance matrix is spiked or well-conditioned. When…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Benjamin D. Robinson , Van Latimer

We consider the hypothesis testing problem of detecting a shift between the means of two multivariate normal distributions in the high-dimensional setting, allowing for the data dimension p to exceed the sample size n. Specifically, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Miles E. Lopes , Laurent J. Jacob , Martin J. Wainwright

Cram\'er's moderate deviations give a quantitative estimate for the relative error of the normal approximation and provide theoretical justifications for many estimator used in statistics. In this paper, we establish self-normalized…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Xiequan Fan , Qi-Man Shao

Existing two-sample testing techniques, particularly those based on choosing a kernel for the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), often assume equal sample sizes from the two distributions. Applying these methods in practice can require…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-17 Aaron Wei , Milad Jalali , Danica J. Sutherland

In this article we establish Cram\'er type moderate deviation results for (intermediate) trimmed means $T_n=n^{-1} \sum_{i=k_n+1}^{n-m_n}X_{i:n}$, where $X_{i:n}$ -- the order statistics corresponding to the first $n$ observations of…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Nadezhda Gribkova

In this paper, we propose a test for the equality of multiple distributions based on kernel mean embeddings. Our framework provides a flexible way to handle multivariate or even high-dimensional data by virtue of kernel methods and allows…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-08 Ilmun Kim

Testing the equality of mean vectors across $g$ different groups plays an important role in many scientific fields. In regular frameworks, likelihood-based statistics under the normality assumption offer a general solution to this task.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Caizhu Huang , Claudia Di Caterina , Nicola Sartori

Recent work has proposed the use of a composite hypothesis Hoeffding test for statistical anomaly detection. Setting an appropriate threshold for the test given a desired false alarm probability involves approximating the false alarm…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-19 Jing Zhang , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

We give a Cram\'{e}r moderate deviation expansion for martingales with differences having finite conditional moments of order $2+\rho, \rho \in (0,1],$ and finite one-sided conditional exponential moments. The upper bound of the range of…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-11 Xiequan Fan , Ion Grama , Quansheng Liu

Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) has been widely used in the areas of machine learning and statistics to quantify the distance between two distributions in the $p$-dimensional Euclidean space. The asymptotic property of the sample MMD has…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Hanjia Gao , Xiaofeng Shao

We propose a method of testing the shift between mean vectors of two multivariate Gaussian random variables in a high-dimensional setting incorporating the possible dependency and allowing $p > n$. This method is a combination of two…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-24 Tzviel Frostig , Yoav Benjamini

We provide an improved version of the Darling-Erd\"os theorem for sums of i.i.d. random variables with mean zero and finite variance. We extend this result to multidimensional random vectors. Our proof is based on a new strong invariance…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-05 Gauthier Dierickx , Uwe Einmahl

This paper is motivated by the analysis of gene expression sets, especially by finding differentially expressed gene sets between two phenotypes. Gene $\log_2$ expression levels are highly correlated and, very likely, have approximately…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2010-07-08 Peter Bubeliny

The likelihood ratio statistic, with its asymptotic $\chi^2$ distribution at regular model points, is often used for hypothesis testing. At model singularities and boundaries, however, the asymptotic distribution may not be $\chi^2$, as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Jonathan D. Mitchell , Elizabeth S. Allman , John A. Rhodes

Let $(X _i)_{i\geq1}$ be a stationary sequence. Denote $m=\lfloor n^\alpha \rfloor, 0< \alpha < 1,$ and $ k=\lfloor n/m \rfloor,$ where $\lfloor a \rfloor$ stands for the integer part of $a.$ Set $S_{j}^\circ = \sum_{i=1}^m X_{m(j-1)+i},…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-11 Xiequan Fan , Ion Grama , Quansheng Liu , Qi-Man Shao