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We introduce and benchmark a stochastic local search heuristic for the NP-complete satisfiability problem 3-SAT that drastically outperforms existing solvers in the notoriously difficult realm of critically hard instances. Our construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 J. Schwardt , J. C. Budich

Analyzing a Feature Model (FM) and reasoning on the corresponding configuration space is a central task in Software Product Line (SPL) engineering. Problems such as deciding the satisfiability of the FM and eliminating inconsistent parts of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Pierre Bourhis , Laurence Duchien , Jérémie Dusart , Emmanuel Lonca , Pierre Marquis , Clément Quinton

A Pseudo-Boolean (PB) constraint is a linear arithmetic constraint over Boolean variables. PB constraints are convenient and widely used in expressing NP-complete problems. We introduce a new, two step, method for transforming PB…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Amir Aavani

Hitting formulas, introduced by Iwama, are an unusual class of propositional CNF formulas. Not only is their satisfiability decidable in polynomial time, but even their models can be counted in closed form. This stands in stark contrast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Tomáš Peitl , Stefan Szeider

High-resolution representations (HR) are essential for dense prediction tasks such as segmentation, detection, and pose estimation. Learning HR representations is typically ignored in previous Neural Architecture Search (NAS) methods that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Mingyu Ding , Xiaochen Lian , Linjie Yang , Peng Wang , Xiaojie Jin , Zhiwu Lu , Ping Luo

The relationship between the complexity classes P and NP is an unsolved question in the field of theoretical computer science. In this paper, we investigate a descriptor approach based on lattice properties. This paper proposes a new way to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Marcel Rémon , Johan Barthélemy

We consider feasibility of linear integer programs in the context of verification systems such as SMT solvers or theorem provers. Although satisfiability of linear integer programs is decidable, many state-of-the-art solvers neglect…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Martin Bromberger , Thomas Sturm , Christoph Weidenbach

Focal loss has recently gained significant popularity, particularly in tasks like object detection where it helps to address class imbalance by focusing more on hard-to-classify examples. This work proposes the focal loss as a distortion…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Alex Dytso , Martina Cardone

Neurosymbolic systems can satisfy logical constraints during learning without achieving the intended concept-label correspondence; this is a problem known as reasoning shortcuts. We formalize reasoning shortcuts as a constraint satisfaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Akihiro Takemura , Katsumi Inoue , Masaaki Nishino

MinHash and HyperLogLog are sketching algorithms that have become indispensable for set summaries in big data applications. While HyperLogLog allows counting different elements with very little space, MinHash is suitable for the fast…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Otmar Ertl

Binary Convolutional Neural Networks (BCNNs) can significantly improve the efficiency of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) for their deployment on resource-constrained platforms, such as mobile and embedded systems. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Zhu Baozhou , Peter Hofstee , Jinho Lee , Zaid Al-Ars

The concept of redundancy in SAT leads to more expressive and powerful proof search techniques, e.g., able to express various inprocessing techniques, and originates interesting hierarchies of proof systems [Heule et$.$al'20,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ilario Bonacina , Maria Luisa Bonet , Sam Buss , Massimo Lauria

In compressed sensing, we wish to reconstruct a sparse signal $x$ from observed data $y$. In sparse coding, on the other hand, we wish to find a representation of an observed signal $y$ as a sparse linear combination, with coefficients $x$,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-11-25 Will Landecker , Rick Chartrand , Simon DeDeo

Color and structure are the two pillars that construct an image. Usually, the structure is well expressed through a rich spectrum of colors, allowing objects in an image to be recognized by neural networks. However, under extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yunzhong Hou , Liang Zheng , Stephen Gould

The paper that introduced shape analysis sentences presented a method for extracting a sentence in first-order logic that completely characterizes a run of CPSA. Logical deduction can then be used to determine if a security goal is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-17 John D. Ramsdell

This paper shows effectiveness of X3SAT in proving P = NP. This is due to the fact that it is easy to check unsatisfiability of a particular truth assignment. A truth assignment leads to some reductions of clauses by means of "exactly-1…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Latif Salum

The problem 2-quantum-satisfiability (2-QSAT) is the generalisation of the 2-CNF-SAT problem to quantum bits, and is equivalent to determining whether or not a spin-1/2 Hamiltonian with two-body terms is frustration-free. Similarly to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-02 Niel de Beaudrap

We present the derivation reduction problem for SLD-resolution, the undecidable problem of finding a finite subset of a set of clauses from which the whole set can be derived using SLD-resolution. We study the reducibility of various…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Sophie Tourret , Andrew Cropper

Look-up table(LUT)-based methods have shown the great efficacy in single image super-resolution (SR) task. However, previous methods ignore the essential reason of restricted receptive field (RF) size in LUT, which is caused by the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-18 Guandu Liu , Yukang Ding , Mading Li , Ming Sun , Xing Wen , Bin Wang

The past three decades have witnessed notable success in designing efficient SAT solvers, with modern solvers capable of solving industrial benchmarks containing millions of variables in just a few seconds. The success of modern SAT solvers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Jiong Yang , Arijit Shaw , Teodora Baluta , Mate Soos , Kuldeep S. Meel