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Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a valuable technique by which one can investigate the physical characteristics of the surfaces of materials. However, its widespread use is hampered by the time-consuming nature of running an experiment…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-03 Nicholas J. Sullivan , Julio J. Valdés , Kirk H. Bevan , Peter Grutter

A joint collaborative project was recently developed to provide the Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex with a state-of-the-art wideband backend. This new backend provides from 100 MHz to 6 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth, and spectral…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 J. R. Rizzo , M. Gutiérrez Bustos , T. B. H. Kuiper , J. Cernicharo , I. Sotuela , A. Pedreira

To improve the accuracy and efficiency of high-dimensional stellar parameter inference in large spectroscopic datasets, we propose a projection-assisted parameter-inference framework -- Projected-Space Inference of Stellar Parameters…

Simulation-based inference (SBI) has become an important tool in cosmology for extracting additional information from observational data using simulations. However, all cosmological simulations are approximations of the actual universe, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Sébastien Pierre , Bruno Régaldo-Saint Blancard , ChangHoon Hahn , Michael Eickenberg

Context: Optical interferometry is a powerful tool for observing the intensity structure and angular diameter of stars. When combined with spectroscopy and/or spectrophotometry, interferometry provides a powerful constraint for model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hilding R. Neilson , John B. Lester

The concept of a recently proposed small-scale interferometric optical imaging device, an instrument known as the Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical Reconnaissance (SPIDER), is of great interest for its possible…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-24 Luke Pratley , Jason D. McEwen

Recently, the rapid development of Solid-State LiDAR (SSL) enables low-cost and efficient obtainment of 3D point clouds from the environment, which has inspired a large quantity of studies and applications. However, the non-uniformity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Jiahe Cui , Jianwei Niu , Zhenchao Ouyang , Yunxiang He , Dian Liu

We present an overview of SPICA, the Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics, a world-class space observatory optimized for mid- and far-IR astronomy (from 5 to ~210um) with a cryogenically cooled ~3.2m telescope (<6 K). Its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Javier R. Goicoechea , Takao Nakagawa

Integral field spectroscopy (IFS) is a powerful tool for understanding the formation of galaxies across cosmic history. We present the observing strategy and first results of MSA-3D, a novel JWST program using multi-object spectroscopy in a…

The INTEGRAL/SPI, X-gamma-ray spectrometer (20 keV - 8 MeV) is an instrument for which recovering source intensity variations is not straightforward and can constitute a difficulty for data analysis. In most cases, determining the source…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 L. Bouchet , P. -R Amestoy , A. Buttari , F. -H. Rouet , M. Chauvin

The newly installed Silmaril beam combiner at the CHARA array is designed to observe previously inaccessible faint targets, including Active Galactic Nuclei and T-Tauri Young Stellar Objects. Silmaril leverages cutting-edge optical design,…

With information from multiple input modalities, sensor fusion-based algorithms usually out-perform their single-modality counterparts in robotics. Camera and LIDAR, with complementary semantic and depth information, are the typical choices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Akio Kodaira , Yiyang Zhou , Pengwei Zang , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

With their high angular resolutions of 30--100 mas, large fields of view, and complex optical systems, imagers on next-generation optical/near-infrared space observatories, such as the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the James Webb Space…

Software Process Improvement (SPI) encompasses the analysis and modification of the processes within software development, aimed at improving key areas that contribute to the organizations' goals. The task of evaluating whether the selected…

The digital revolution is transforming astronomy from a data-starved to a data-submerged science. Instruments such as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and the Square Kilometer Array…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-25 Melvyn Wright

Computer model calibration is a crucial step in building a reliable computer model. In the face of massive physical observations, a fast estimation for the calibration parameters is urgently needed. To alleviate the computational burden, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-24 Shurui Lv , Yan Wang , Jun Yu

While large-scale visual foundation models (VFMs) exhibit strong generalization across diverse visual domains, their potential for single-frame infrared small target (SIRST) detection remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Chuang Yu , Jinmiao Zhao , Yunpeng Liu , Yaokun Li , Xiujun Shu , Yuanhao Feng , Bo Wang , Yimian Dai , Xiangyu Yue

We present FORECAST, a new flexible and adaptable software package that performs forward modeling of the output of any cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to create a wide range of realistic synthetic astronomical images. With…

The paper introduces the software Spectangular for spectral disentangling via singular value decomposition with global optimisation of the orbital parameters of the stellar system or radial velocities of the individual observations. We will…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Daniel P. Sablowski , Michael Weber