Related papers: Information and Computation
We need much better understanding of information processing and computation as its primary form. Future progress of new computational devices capable of dealing with problems of big data, internet of things, semantic web, cognitive robotics…
This paper introduces several fundamental concepts in information theory from the perspective of their origins in engineering. Understanding such concepts is important in neuroscience for two reasons. Simply applying formulae from…
This paper reviews connections between physics and computation, and explores their implications. The main topics are computational "hardness" of physical systems, computational status of fundamental theories, quantum computation, and the…
This article deals with theoretical developments in the subject of quantum information and quantum computation, and includes an overview of classical information and some relevant quantum mechanics. The discussion covers topics in quantum…
Human societies continuously transform scattered information into collective judgments and coordinated action, whether through markets discovering prices, governments allocating resources, communities enforcing norms, or science converging…
Nature can be seen as informational structure with computational dynamics (info-computationalism), where an (info-computational) agent is needed for the potential information of the world to actualize. Starting from the definition of…
Information is a precise concept that can be defined mathematically, but its relationship to what we call "knowledge" is not always made clear. Furthermore, the concepts "entropy" and "information", while deeply related, are distinct and…
We address the problems of estimating the computer efficiency and the computer capacity. We define the computer efficiency and capacity and suggest a method for their estimation, based on the analysis of processor instructions and kinds of…
This paper proposes a specific conceptualization of intelligence as computation. This conceptualization is intended to provide a unified view for all disciplines of intelligence research. Already, it unifies several conceptualizations…
Humans are the most effective integrators and producers of information, directly and through the use of information-processing inventions. As these inventions become increasingly sophisticated, the substantive role of humans in processing…
Social computing encompasses the mechanisms through which people interact with computational systems: crowdsourcing systems, ranking and recommendation systems, online prediction markets, citizen science projects, and collaboratively edited…
A coherent mathematical overview of computation and its generalisations is described. This conceptual framework is sufficient to comfortably host a wide range of contemporary thinking on embodied computation and its models.
The contribution of this article is a data concept that is essentially based on the two concepts of information and computable functionality. In short, data is viewed as typed information. A data type is defined as a pair of a set of…
In this paper, we will expound upon the concepts proffered in [1], where we proposed an information theoretic approach to intelligence in the computational sense. We will examine data and meme aggregation, and study the effect of limited…
This chapter summarizes quantum computation, including the motivation for introducing quantum resources into computation and how quantum computation is done. Finally, this chapter articulates advantages and limitations of quantum…
In this thesis I present a short review of ideas in quantum information theory. The first chapter contains introductory material, sketching the central ideas of probability and information theory. Quantum mechanics is presented at the level…
Computation is commonly defined as the execution of abstract algorithms over symbolic representations, with physical systems treated as substrates that realise predefined operations. While effective for engineered machines, this separation…
The authors discuss information-based complexity theory, which is a model of finite-precision computations with real numbers, and its applications to numerical analysis.
These lecture notes provide an introduction to quantum information and quantum computation, which are strongly related disciplines and subject of intense research. The lecture notes contain only a small selection of topics in these…
This paper presents an information theoretic approach to the concept of intelligence in the computational sense. We introduce a probabilistic framework from which computational intelligence is shown to be an entropy minimizing process at…