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We describe a class of cellular automata (CAs) that are end-to-end differentiable. DCAs interpolate the behavior of ordinary CAs through rules that act on distributions of states. The gradient of a DCA with respect to its parameters can be…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Carlos Martin

A method for studying the qualitative dynamical properties of abstract computing machines based on the approximation of their program-size complexity using a general lossless compression algorithm is presented. It is shown that the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-01-24 Hector Zenil

The study of factoring relations between subshifts or cellular automata is central in symbolic dynamics. Besides, a notion of intrinsic universality for cellular automata based on an operation of rescaling is receiving more and more…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Laurent Boyer , Guillaume Theyssier

The model of cellular automata is fascinating because very simple local rules can generate complex global behaviors. The relationship between local and global function is subject of many studies. We tackle this question by using results on…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Christoph Durr , Ivan Rapaport , Guillaume Theyssier

There exists an index theory to classify strictly local quantum cellular automata in one dimension. We consider two classification questions. First, we study to what extent this index theory can be applied in higher dimensions via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-20 M. Freedman , M. B. Hastings

Many unconventional computing models, including some that appear to be quite different from traditional ones such as Turing machines, happen to characterise either the complexity class P or PSPACE when working in deterministic polynomial…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Antonio E. Porreca

Cellular automata (CA) are dynamical systems defined by a finite local rule but they are studied for their global dynamics. They can exhibit a wide range of complex behaviours and a celebrated result is the existence of (intrinsically)…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-02-10 Laurent Boyer , Guillaume Theyssier

Deutsch, Feynman, and Manin viewed quantum computing as a kind of universal physical simulation procedure. Much of the writing about quantum Turing machines has shown how these machines can simulate an arbitrary unitary transformation on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Willem Fouché , Johannes Heidema , Glyn Jones , Petrus H. Potgieter

In this work, we investigate the computational aspects of asynchronous cellular automata (ACAs), a modification of cellular automata in which cells update independently, following an asynchronous schedule. We introduce flip automata…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ivan Baburin , Matthew Cook , Florian Grötschla , Andreas Plesner , Roger Wattenhofer

Stephen Wolfram proclaimed in his 2003 seminal work "A New Kind Of Science" that simple recursive programs in the form of Cellular Automata (CA) are a promising approach to replace currently used mathematical formalizations, e.g.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Martin Spitznagel , Janis Keuper

Cellular Automata have been used since their introduction as a discrete tool of modelization. In many of the physical processes one may modelize thus (such as bootstrap percolation, forest fire or epidemic propagation models, life without…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Florent Becker , Diego Maldonado , Nicolas Ollinger , Guillaume Theyssier

Cellular automata (CA) dynamics are ordered in terms of two global parameters, computable {\sl a priori} from the description of rules. While one of them (activity) has been used before, the second one is new; it estimates the average…

adap-org · Physics 2009-10-22 P. -M. Binder

The emerging field of Nominal Computation Theory is concerned with the theory of Nominal Sets and its applications to Computer Science. We investigate here the impact of nominal sets on the definition of Cellular Automata and on their…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-12 Tommaso Bolognesi , Vincenzo Ciancia

Manin, Feynman, and Deutsch have viewed quantum computing as a kind of universal physical simulation procedure. Much of the writing about quantum logic circuits and quantum Turing machines has shown how these machines can simulate an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-22 Willem Fouche' , Johannes Heidema , Glyn Jones , Petrus H. Potgieter

Models of computation operating over the real numbers and computing a larger class of functions compared to the class of general recursive functions invariably introduce a non-finite element of infinite information encoded in an arbitrary…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-12-20 Hector Zenil

A universal Turing machine is a powerful concept - a single device can compute any function that is computable. A universal spin model, similarly, is a class of physical systems whose low energy behavior simulates that of any spin system.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Tomáš Gonda , Gemma De les Coves

Gauge symmetries play a fundamental role in Physics, as they provide a mathematical justification for the fundamental forces. Usually, one starts from a non-interactive theory which governs `matter', and features a global symmetry. One then…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2022-01-25 Pablo Arrighi , Marin Costes , Nathanaël Eon

There exist f.g.-universal cellular automata groups which are quotients of $\mathbb{Z} * \mathbb{Z}_2$ or $\mathbb{Z}_2 * \mathbb{Z}_2 * \mathbb{Z}_2$, as previously conjectured by the author.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-02 Ville Salo

The Collatz, or 3x+1, Conjecture claims that for every positive integer n, there exists some k such that T^k(n)=1, where T is the Collatz map. We present three cellular automata (CA) that transform the global problem of mimicking the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-01-15 Sitan Chen

Cellular automata with memory (CAM) are widely used in fields such as image processing, pattern recognition, simulation, and cryptography. The invertibility of CAM is generally considered to be chaotic. Paper [Invertible behavior in…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2024-06-11 Chen Wang , Xiang Deng , Chao Wang