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Related papers: Evidence Combination and Reasoning and Its Applica…

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In the interpretation of experimental data, one is actually looking for plausible explanations. We look for a measure of plausibility, with which we can compare different possible explanations, and which can be combined when there are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-12-30 Wan Ahmad Tajuddin Wan Abdullah

High-order phenomena play crucial roles in many systems of interest, but their analysis is often highly nontrivial. There is a rich literature providing a number of alternative information-theoretic quantities capturing high-order…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Fernando E. Rosas , Aaron Gutknecht , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Michael Gastpar

There are various approaches to the problem of how one is supposed to conduct a statistical analysis. Different analyses can lead to contradictory conclusions in some problems so this is not a satisfactory state of affairs. It seems that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Michael Evans

In this paper, we propose to learn sources independence in order to choose the appropriate type of combination rules when aggregating their beliefs. Some combination rules are used with the assumption of their sources independence whereas…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-01-21 Mouna Chebbah , Mouloud Kharoune , Arnaud Martin , Boutheina Ben Yaghlane

Sample overlap is a common issue in evidence synthesis in the field of medical research, particularly when integrating findings from observational studies utilizing existing databases such as registries. Due to the general inaccessibility…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-26 Zhentian Zhang , Tim Friede , Tim Mathes

A subjective expected utility policy making centre, managing complex, dynamic systems, needs to draw on the expertise of a variety of disparate panels of experts and integrate this information coherently. To achieve this, diverse supporting…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-21 Jim Q. Smith , Martine J. Barons , Manuele Leonelli

Models of physical systems are used to explain and predict experimental results and observations. When students encounter discrepancies between the actual and expected behavior of a system, they revise their models to include the newly…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-07-06 Laura Ríos , Benjamin Pollard , Dimitri R. Dounas-Frazer , H. J. Lewandowski

We introduce a logic for reasoning about evidence that essentially views evidence as a function from prior beliefs (before making an observation) to posterior beliefs (after making the observation). We provide a sound and complete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

Composite indicators are widely used to score or classify units evaluated on multiple criteria. Their construction typically involves aggregating criteria evaluations, a common practice in Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA). Beyond…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Salvatore Corrente , Salvatore Greco , Roman Słowiński , Silvano Zappalà

We present Claim-Dissector: a novel latent variable model for fact-checking and analysis, which given a claim and a set of retrieved evidences jointly learns to identify: (i) the relevant evidences to the given claim, (ii) the veracity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Martin Fajcik , Petr Motlicek , Pavel Smrz

In sequential anytime-valid inference, any admissible procedure must be based on e-processes: generalizations of test martingales that quantify the accumulated evidence against a composite null hypothesis at any stopping time. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Yo Joong Choe , Aaditya Ramdas

Inference in current domains of application are often complex and require us to integrate the expertise of a variety of disparate panels of experts and models coherently. In this paper we develop a formal statistical methodology to guide…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-30 Manuele Leonelli , Martine J. Barons , Jim Q. Smith

These last years, there were many studies on the problem of the conflict coming from information combination, especially in evidence theory. We can summarise the solutions for manage the conflict into three different approaches: first, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Arnaud Martin , Christophe Osswald

The traditional view of evidence in mathematics is that evidence is just proof and proof is just derivation. There are good reasons for thinking that this view should be rejected: it misrepresents both historical and current mathematical…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-09-11 Andrew Aberdein

In this paper, we generalize the basic notions and results of Dempster-Shafer theory from predicates to formal concepts. Results include the representation of conceptual belief functions as inner measures of suitable probability functions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Sabine Frittella , Krishna Manoorkar , Alessandra Palmigiano , Apostolos Tzimoulis , Nachoem M. Wijnberg

Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence (D-S theory) is widely used in uncertain information process. The basic probability assignment(BPA) is a key element in D-S theory. How to measure the distance between two BPAs is an open issue. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-11-19 Hongming Mo , Xiaoyan Su , Yong Hu , Yong Deng

Fact verification is a challenging task that requires simultaneously reasoning and aggregating over multiple retrieved pieces of evidence to evaluate the truthfulness of a claim. Existing approaches typically (i) explore the semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Jiasheng Si , Deyu Zhou , Tongzhe Li , Xingyu Shi , Yulan He

Many statistical applications require the quantification of joint dependence among more than two random vectors. In this work, we generalize the notion of distance covariance to quantify joint dependence among d >= 2 random vectors. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-18 Shubhadeep Chakraborty , Xianyang Zhang

Evidence synthesis models that combine multiple datasets of varying design, to estimate quantities that cannot be directly observed, require the formulation of complex probabilistic models that can be expressed as graphical models. An…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-14 Anne M. Presanis , David Ohlssen , Kai Cui , Magdalena Rosinska , Daniela De Angelis

Observational data is increasingly used as a means for making individual-level causal predictions and intervention recommendations. The foremost challenge of causal inference from observational data is hidden confounding, whose presence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Nathan Kallus , Aahlad Manas Puli , Uri Shalit