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We establish limit theorems that describe the asymptotic local and global geometric behaviour of random enriched trees considered up to symmetry. We apply these general results to random unlabelled weighted rooted graphs and uniform random…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-15 Benedikt Stufler

The real trees form a class of metric spaces that extends the class of trees with edge lengths by allowing behavior such as infinite total edge length and vertices with infinite branching degree. Aldous's Brownian continuum random tree, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Steven N. Evans , Jim Pitman , Anita Winter

We study a model of random $\mathcal{R}$-enriched trees that is based on weights on the $\mathcal{R}$-structures and allows for a unified treatment of a large family of random discrete structures. We establish distributional limits…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-12 Benedikt Stufler

We study a configuration model on bipartite planar maps in which, given $n$ even integers, one samples a planar map with $n$ faces uniformly at random with these face degrees. We prove that when suitably rescaled, such maps always admit…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Cyril Marzouk

For a signature L with at least one constant symbol, an L-structure is called minimal if it has no proper substructures. Let S_L be the set of isomorphism types of minimal L-structures. The elements of S_L can be identified with…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-03-05 Oleg Belegradek

We consider loop-erased random walk (LERW) running between two boundary points of a square grid approximation of a planar simply connected domain. The LERW Green's function is the probability that the LERW passes through a given edge in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-08-06 Christian Benes , Gregory F. Lawler , Fredrik Johansson Viklund

We consider the tributary structure of Howard's drainage model studied by Gangopadhyay et. al. Conditional on the event that the tributary survives up to time $n$, we show that, as a sequence of random metric spaces, scaled tributary…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-11 Kumarjit Saha

We show that the law of the three-dimensional uniform spanning tree (UST) is tight under rescaling in a space whose elements are measured, rooted real trees, continuously embedded into Euclidean space. We also establish that the relevant…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Omer Angel , David A. Croydon , Sarai Hernandez-Torres , Daisuke Shiraishi

In previous work [AHP24], we proved a finite-time large deviation principle in the Hausdorff metric for multiradial Schramm-Loewner evolution, SLE$(\kappa)$, as $\kappa \to 0$, with good rate function being the multiradial Loewner energy.…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Osama Abuzaid , Vivian Olsiewski Healey , Eveliina Peltola

In this work, we investigate the spectrum of singularities of random stable trees with parameter $\gamma\in(1,2)$. We consider for that purpose the scaling exponents derived from two natural measures on stable trees: the local time $\ell^a$…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-27 Paul Balança

We discuss scaling limits of large bipartite quadrangulations of positive genus. For a given $g$, we consider, for every $n \ge 1$, a random quadrangulation $\q_n$ uniformly distributed over the set of all rooted bipartite quadrangulations…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-12-20 Jérémie Bettinelli

In this article a collection of random self-similar fractal dendrites is constructed, and their Hausdorff dimension is calculated. Previous results determining this quantity for random self-similar structures have relied on geometrical…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-23 David A. Croydon

Graphs are fundamental tools for modeling pairwise interactions in complex systems. However, many real-world systems involve multi-way interactions that cannot be fully captured by standard graphs. Hypergraphs, which generalize graphs by…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Tom Needham , Ethan Semrad

We consider a uniform spanning tree in a $\delta$-square grid approximation of a planar domain $\Omega$. For given integer $n\ge 2$, we condition the tree on the following $n$-arm event: we pick $n$ branches, emanating from $n$ points…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Nathanaël Berestycki , Marcin Lis , Mingchang Liu , Eveliina Peltola

Using the wedge sum of metric spaces, for all compact metrizable spaces, we construct a topological embedding of the compact metrizable space into the set of all metric trees in the Gromov--Hausdorff space with finite prescribed values. As…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-13 Yoshito Ishiki

The Brownian map is a random geodesic metric space arising as the scaling limit of random planar maps. We strengthen the so-called confluence of geodesics phenomenon observed at the root of the map, and with this, reveal several properties…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Omer Angel , Brett Kolesnik , Grégory Miermont

We show that the Brownian continuum random tree is the Gromov-Hausdorff-Prohorov scaling limit of the uniform spanning tree on high-dimensional graphs including the $d$-dimensional torus $\mathbb{Z}_n^d$ with $d>4$, the hypercube…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-14 Eleanor Archer , Asaf Nachmias , Matan Shalev

Generalising a construction of Falconer, we consider classes of $G_\delta$-subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$ with the property that sets belonging to the class have large Hausdorff dimension and the class is closed under countable intersections. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-10-15 Tomas Persson

We prove that large Boltzmann stable planar maps of index $\alpha \in (1;2)$ converge in the scaling limit towards a random compact metric space $\mathcal{S}_{\alpha}$ that we construct explicitly. They form a one-parameter family of random…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Nicolas Curien , Grégory Miermont , Armand Riera

Random systems of curves exhibiting fluctuating features on arbitrarily small scales ($\delta$) are often encountered in critical models. For such systems it is shown that scale-invariant bounds on the probabilities of crossing events imply…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Aizenman , Almut Burchard