Related papers: Commuting and noncommuting infinitesimals
I propose a theory of space with infinitesimal regions called \textit{smooth infinitesimal geometry} (SIG) based on certain algebraic objects (i.e., rings), which regiments a mode of reasoning heuristically used by geometricists and…
In this paper we examine the commutativity of ideal extensions. We introduce methods of constructing such extensions, in particular we construct a noncommutative ring T which contains a central and idempotent ideal I such that T/I is a…
Mathematical conception of infinite quantities forms a cornerstone of many disciplines of modern mathematics --- from differential calculus to set theory. In fact, it could be argued that the most significant revolutions in mathematics in…
Metaphysics is the science of being and asks the question ``What really exists?'' The answer to this question has been sought for by mankind since the beginning of recorded time. In the past 2500 years there have been many answers to this…
We investigate certain spaces of infinitesimal motions arising naturally in the rigidity theory of bar and joint frameworks. We prove some structure theorems for these spaces and as a consequence are able to deduce some special cases of a…
Any given surface of revolution embedded in Euclidean three-space can always be perturbed by arbitrarily small ambient isotopies as to admit highly nontrivial vector fields inducing infinitesimal deformations. For this matter Morse Theory…
The major advances in physics have been through counterintuitive breakthroughs-- ideas that seemed to go against prevailing convictions. In the twentieth century the Special and General Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics have…
Newton in his Principia gives an ingenious generalization of the Hellenistic theory of ratios and inspired experimentally gives a tensor-like definition of multiplication of quantities measured with his ratios. An extraordinary feature of…
In this note we give a negative answer to Abraham Robinson's question whether a finitely generated extension of an undecidable field is always undecidable. We construct 'natural' undecidable fields of transcendence degree 1 over Q all of…
We construct continuum many infinite, simple, characteristic quotients of non-abelian free groups, answering a 1978 question of James Wiegold. The method is very flexible, allowing to impose certain properties on the quotients, to…
We discuss the notion about physical quantities as having values represented by real numbers, and its limiting to describe nature to be understood in relation to our appreciation that the quantum theory is a better theory of natural…
The discovery of the infinite integer leads to a partition between finite and infinite numbers. Construction of an infinitesimal and infinitary number system, the Gossamer numbers. Du Bois-Reymond's much-greater-than relations and…
A construction of the real number system based on almost homomorphisms of the integers Z was proposed by Schanuel, Arthan, and others. We combine such a construction with the ultrapower or limit ultrapower construction, to construct the…
It is a remarkable fact that all processes occurring in the observable Universe are irreversible, whereas the equations through which the fundamental laws of physics are formulated are invariant under time reversal. The emergence of…
The works of R. Descartes, I. M. Gelfand and A. Grothendieck have convinced us that commutative rings should be thought of as rings of functions on some appropriate (commutative) spaces. If we try to push this notion forward we reach the…
All visible bodies are bound dense vertices of overlapping astroparticles with extremely weak r^{-4} radial densities of elementary (and summary) matter beyond human perception and instrumental resolutions. The non-empty material space of…
Various kinds of infinitary operations satisfying forms of associativity have been considered in the literature by various authors, including A. Tarski, C. Karp, J. H. Conway, D. Krob, N. Bedon, and C. Rispal. Applications include the…
Much of twentieth century physics, whether it be Classical or Quantum, has been based on the concept of spacetime as a differentiable manifold. While this work has culminated in the standard model, it is now generally accepted that in the…
Chiral superfields have been used, and extensively, almost ever since supersymmetry has been discovered. Complex linear superfields afford an alternate representation of matter, but are widely misbelieved to be 'physically equivalent' to…
We give a survey of the use of infinitesimals within mathematical analysis to rigorously deal with the delta-function from physics, and more generally, with distributions in the sense of L. Schwartz. We use the framework of nonstandard…