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Probabilistic circuits (PCs) are a family of generative models which allows for the computation of exact likelihoods and marginals of its probability distributions. PCs are both expressive and tractable, and serve as popular choices for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Andy Shih , Dorsa Sadigh , Stefano Ermon

We study strategic games on weighted directed graphs, in which the payoff of a player is defined as the sum of the weights on the edges from players who chose the same strategy, augmented by a fixed non-negative integer bonus for picking a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Krzysztof R. Apt , Sunil Simon , Dominik Wojtczak

Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPTs) are foundational Large Language Models (LLMs) for text generation. However, individual LLMs often produce inconsistent outputs and exhibit biases, limiting their representation of diverse language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Mari Ashiga , Wei Jie , Fan Wu , Vardan Voskanyan , Fateme Dinmohammadi , Paul Brookes , Jingzhi Gong , Zheng Wang

We study optimisation problems that can be formulated as valued constraint satisfaction problems (VCSP). A problem from VCSP is characterised by a \emph{constraint language}, a fixed set of cost functions taking finite and infinite costs…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-08-19 Vladimir Kolmogorov , Stanislav Zivny

The sixth generation (6G) wireless communication system will improve the key technical indicators by one to two orders of magnitude, and come with some new features. As a crucial technique to enhance the reliability and efficiency of data…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Li Shen , Yongpeng Wu , Yin Xu , Xiaohu You , Xiqi Gao , Wenjun Zhang

Finite-length codes are learned for the Gaussian wiretap channel in an end-to-end manner assuming that the communication parties are equipped with deep neural networks (DNNs), and communicate through binary phase-shift keying (BPSK)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Alireza Nooraiepour , Sina Rezaei Aghdam

Although high-threshold and low-overhead quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes, such as bivariate bicycle (BB) codes, can reduce the physical-qubit cost by an order of magnitude compared to the Kitaev toric code, their torus layout…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Zijian Liang , Jens Niklas Eberhardt , Yu-An Chen

We study the decoding problem for quantum Tanner codes and propose to exploit the underlying local code structure by grouping check nodes into more powerful generalized check nodes for enhanced iterative belief propagation (BP) decoding by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Olai Å. Mostad , Eirik Rosnes , Hsuan-Yin Lin

This paper investigates the theoretical analysis of intrinsic message passing decoding for generalized product codes (GPCs) with irregular degree distributions, a generalization of product codes that allows every code bit to be protected by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Sisi Miao , Jonathan Mandelbaum , Lukas Rapp , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

This paper characterizes the trade-offs between information and energy transmission over an additive white Gaussian noise channel in the finite block-length regime with finite channel input symbols. These trade-offs are characterized in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Sadaf ul Zuhra , Samir M. Perlaza , H. Vincent Poor , Mikael Skoglund

Supporting multiple partial computations efficiently at each of the workers is a keystone in distributed coded computing in order to speed up computations and to fully exploit the resources of heterogeneous workers in terms of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Jesús Gómez-Vilardebó , Burak Hasırcıoğlu , Deniz Gündüz

Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) encoding holds promise for continuous-variable fault-tolerant quantum computing. While an ideal GKP encoding is abstract and impractical due to its nonphysical nature, approximate versions provide viable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Yexiong Zeng , Wei Qin , Ye-Hong Chen , Clemens Gneiting , Franco Nori

Training large language models at 4-bit precision is critical for efficiency. We show that nGPT, an architecture that constrains weights and hidden representations to the unit hypersphere, is inherently more robust to low-precision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Maxim Fishman , Brian Chmiel , Ron Banner , Daniel Soudry , Boris Ginsburg

Entanglement has shown promise in enhancing information processing tasks in a sensor network, via distributed quantum sensing protocols. As noise is ubiquitous in sensor networks, error correction schemes based on Gottesman, Kitaev and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-20 Boyu Zhou , Anthony J. Brady , Quntao Zhuang

Generalized Vector Approximate Message Passing (GVAMP) is an efficient iterative algorithm for approximately minimum-mean-squared-error estimation of a random vector $\mathbf{x}\sim p_{\mathbf{x}}(\mathbf{x})$ from generalized linear…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Christopher A. Metzler , Philip Schniter , Richard G. Baraniuk

In this work we study the reliability and secrecy performance achievable by practical LDPC codes over the Gaussian wiretap channel. While several works have already addressed this problem in asymptotic conditions, i.e., under the hypothesis…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Marco Baldi , Giacomo Ricciutelli , Nicola Maturo , Franco Chiaraluce

Dealing with label noise in tabular classification tasks poses a persistent challenge in machine learning. While robust boosting methods have shown promise in binary classification, their effectiveness in complex, multi-class scenarios is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiaqi Luo , Yuedong Quan , Shixin Xu

We define a new family of codes for symmetric classical-quantum channels and establish their optimality. To this end, we extend the classical notion of generalized perfect and quasi-perfect codes to channels defined over some finite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-17 Andreu Blasco Coll , Gonzalo Vazquez-Vilar , Javier R. Fonollosa

Conventional communication systems are mainly designed to reduce error rates and increase transmission rates, and therefore usually provide uniform protection to all transmitted messages. However, in intent-oriented applications, different…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Qiming Lu , Shan Lu , Takaya Yamazato

We study the problem of reducing the communication overhead from a noisy wire-tap channel or storage system where data is encoded as a matrix, when more columns (or their linear combinations) are available. We present its applications to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Umberto Martínez-Peñas