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Related papers: Why Your IT Project Might Be Riskier Than You Thin…

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Implementing large-scale information and communication technology (IT) projects carries large risks and easily might disrupt operations, waste taxpayers' money, and create negative publicity. Because of the high risks it is important that…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-06-04 Alexander Budzier , Bent Flyvbjerg

If managers assume a normal or near-normal distribution of Information Technology (IT) project cost overruns, as is common, and cost overruns can be shown to follow a power-law distribution, managers may be unwittingly exposing their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-10-05 Bent Flyvbjerg , Alexander Budzier , Jong Seok Lee , Mark Keil , Daniel Lunn , Dirk W. Bester

The cost-benefit analysis formulates the holy trinity of objectives of project management - cost, schedule, and benefits. As our previous research has shown, ICT projects deviate from their initial cost estimate by more than 10% in 8 out of…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-04-18 Alexander Budzier , Bent Flyvbjerg

Data-driven design is a proven success factor that more and more digital businesses embrace. At the same time, academics and practitioners alike warn that when virtually everything must be tested and proven with numbers, that can stifle…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Maximilian Speicher

Despite several scientific achievements in the last years, there are still a lot of IT projects that fail. Researchers found that one out of five IT-projects run out of time, budget or value. Major reasons for this failure are unexpected…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-01-24 Gilbert Fridgen , Julia Heidemann

Transformational outsourcing represents a strategic shift from traditional cost-focused outsourcing to a more profound and collaborative approach. It involves partnering with service providers to accomplish routine tasks and drive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Mohammad Ikbal Hossain , Tanzina Sultana , Waheda Zabeen , Alexander Fosu Sarpong

It is no secret that many projects fail, regardless of the business sector, software projects are notoriously disaster victims, not necessarily because of technological failure, but more often due to their uncertainties. The threats…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-12-12 Marcelo Marinho , Suzana Sampaio , Telma Lima , Hermano Moura

According to a study of The Standish Group International, 44% of software projects cost more and last longer than expected. More accurate the effort estimation is; the better the enterprise gets organized and the more the software project…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-09-03 S Laqrichi , Didier Gourc , François Marmier

Technical Debt, considered by many to be the 'silent killer' of software projects, has undeniably become part of the everyday vocabulary of software engineers. We know it compromises the internal quality of a system, either deliberately or…

The technical debt (TD) metaphor describes actions made during various stages of software development that lead to a more costly future regarding system maintenance and evolution. According to recent studies, on average 25% of development…

This study aims to assist Company leaders and management team in providing more accurate time and cost estimations for future software projects. This paper focuses on analyzing the relationship between project complexity and cost and time…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Mahta Taghi Zadeh , Rasha Kashef

Technical debt is a metaphor used to convey the idea that doing things in a "quick and dirty" way when designing and constructing a software leads to a situation where one incurs more and more deferred future expenses. Similarly to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Alvine Boaye Belle

Society's drive toward ever faster socio-technical systems, means that there is an urgent need to understand the threat from 'black swan' extreme events that might emerge. On 6 May 2010, it took just five minutes for a spontaneous mix of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-02-08 Neil Johnson , Guannan Zhao , Eric Hunsader , Jing Meng , Amith Ravindar , Spencer Carran , Brian Tivnan

Major transformations related to information technologies affect InformationSystems (IS) that support the business processes of organizations and their actors. Deployment in a complex environment involving sensitive, massive and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Florence Sèdes

Case studies have shown that software disasters snowball from technical issues to catastrophes through humans covering up problems rather than addressing them and empirical research has found the psychological safety of software engineers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Junade Ali

This paper investigates two aspects of process thinking that affect the success rate of IT projects. These two aspects are the changes in the structure of organizations and the epistemology of Information Systems Development. Firstly, the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mark Dumay

Accurate software cost and schedule estimation are essential for software project success. Often it referred to as the "black art" because of its complexity and uncertainty, software estimation is not as difficult or puzzling as people…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-01-16 Kardile Vilas Vasantrao

The study intended to unravel critical IT project showstoppers which tend to halt IT projects temporarily or permanently, and ultimately cause them to fail, by positioning them in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) framework.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Godfred Yaw Koi-Akrofi

Employee turnover remains a pressing issue within high-tech sectors such as IT firms and research centers, where organizational success heavily relies on the skills of their workforce. Intense competition and a scarcity of skilled…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ghalib Ahmed Tahir , Murtaza Ashraf

Insider threats have become reality for civilian firms such as Tesla, which experienced sabotage and intellectual property theft, and Capital One, which suffered from fraud. Even greater social impact was caused by the data breach at the US…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Guerrino Mazzarolo , Anca Delia Jurcut
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