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In our work we theoretically demonstrate a refractive index mapping to enable optical analogues to celestial mechanics, where is possible to achieve light confinement and trapping by means of a static, and planar, refractive index mapping…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-11 D. P. San-Roman-Alerigi , A. B. Slimane , T. K. Ng , M. Alsunaidi , B. S. Ooi

The geodesic equations for optical media whose refractive indices have a non-vanishing gradient are developed. It is shown that when those media are optically isotropic, the light paths will be mull geodesics of a spatial metric that is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-21 D. H. Delphenich

Classical mechanics and geometrical optics are deeply connected with each other. In this work, we generalize the analogy between these two disciplines to relativistic conditions. Using this analogy, we are able to make light follow the…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-09 Hui Xiong , Mengcheng Zhu

In the framework of transformation optics, we show that the propagation of a locally superluminal refractive index perturbation (RIP) in a Kerr medium can be described, in the eikonal approximation, by means of a stationary metric, which we…

The propagation of a light ray in thin layer (film) within geometrical optics is considered. It is assumed that the ray is captured inside the layer due to reflecting walls or total internal reflection (in the case of a dielectric layer).…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-12 Tomasz Radozycki

New ray-optical elements allow generalized refraction of light rays, but geometry imposes limitations on possible mappings between the positions of an object and its geometric image. Here I study the case of an infinite, planar,…

Optics · Physics 2009-05-25 Johannes Courtial

Starting from well-known absolute instruments for perfect imaging, we introduce a type of rotational-symmetrical compact closed manifolds, namely geodesic lenses. We demonstrate that light rays confined on geodesic lenses are closed…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-01 Lin Xu , Xiangyang Wang , Tomáš Tyc , Chong Sheng , Shining Zhu , Hui Liu , Huanyang Chen

We found strong similarities between the gravitational lensing and the conventional optical lensing. The similarities imply a graded refractive index description of the light deflection in gravitational field. We got a general approach to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 Xing-Hao Ye , Qiang Lin

The optical medium analogy of a given spacetime was developed decades ago and has since then been widely applied to different gravitational contexts. Here we consider the case of a colliding gravitational wave spacetime, generalizing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Donato Bini , Andrea Geralico , Maria Haney

We study the nonexpansivity of reflection mappings in geodesic spaces and apply our findings to the averaged alternating reflection algorithm employed in solving the convex feasibility problem for two sets in a nonlinear context. We show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-10-03 Aurora Fernandez-Leon , Adriana Nicolae

Conformal transformation optics provides a simple scheme for manipulating light rays with inhomogeneous isotropic dielectrics. However, there is usually discontinuity for refractive index profile at branch cuts of different virtual Riemann…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-08 Lin Xu , Tomáš Tyc , Huanyang Chen

The engineering of light confinement is a topic with a long history in optics and with significant implications for the control of light-matter interaction. In inhomogeneous and disordered media, however, multiple scattering prevents the…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-29 I. Krešić , K. G. Makris , S. Rotter

Known methods for transverse confinement and guidance of light can be grouped into a few basic mechanisms, the most common being metallic reflection, total internal reflection and photonic-bandgap (or Bragg) reflection. All of them…

Circular photon orbits have become an attractive topic in recent years. They play extremely important roles in black hole shadows, gravitational lensings, quasi-normal modes, and spacetime topological properties. In our recent work,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Chenkai Qiao , Ming Li , Donghui Xie , Minyong Guo

Two methods of refractometry in reflected light from optical surface of samples are considered and studied experimentally. Methods are grounded on results of Fresnel theory of concerning light reflectivity at near normal incidence and…

Optics · Physics 2010-08-26 E. A. Tikhonov , V. A. Ivashkin

We develop the spacetime approach to gravitational lensing by spherically symmetric perturbations of flat, cosmological constant-dominated Friedman-Robertson-Walker metrics. The geodesics of the spacetime are expressed as integral…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-19 Thomas P. Kling , Sophia MacQueen Pooler

Light deflection in the post-linear gravitational field of two bounded point-like masses is treated. Both the light source and the observer are assumed to be located at infinity in an asymptotically flat space. The equations of light…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Michael H. Brügmann

In the seventies, scientists observed discrepancies of the bending of light around the Sun based on Einstein's prediction of the curvature of star light due to the mass of the Sun. We claim that the interior electromagnetic properties of…

General Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Jacob T. Fokkema , Peter M. van den Berg

Immersion optics enable creation of systems with improved optical concentration and coupling by taking advantage of the fact that the luminance of light is proportional to the square of the refractive index in a lossless optical system.…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-22 Nina Vaidya , Olav Solgaard

We derive certain constraints on the reflection matrix for reflection from a plane, nonmagnetic, optically anisotropic surface using a reciprocity theorem stated long ago by van de Hulst in the context of scattering of polarized light. The…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-13 Rajendra Bhandari
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