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This paper presents a method for estimating the resolution of a digital holographic microscope using neural network analysis of reconstructed images. The spectral bandwidth of the source ($\Delta \lambda$) is used as a controlled image…
The ability to gain insights into the 3D properties of artificial or biological systems is often critical. However, 3D structures are difficult to retrieve at low dose and with extremely fast processing, as most techniques are based on…
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) of high brightness have opened new opportunities for exploring ultrafast dynamical processes in matter, enabling imaging and movies of single molecules and particles at atomic resolution. In this paper, we…
X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism have long served as indispensable tools for probing the electronic and magnetic properties of transition-metal compounds with elemental selectivity. In recent years, the…
Understanding and manipulating two-dimensional materials for real-world applications remains challenging due to a lack of effective and high-throughput characterization techniques. Soft X-ray time-of-flight photoemission electron microscopy…
High-brightness femtosecond-to-attosecond pulses are indispensable for probing electron dynamics on their fundamental temporal scales. X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) at high repetition rates will facilitate high-statistics measurements…
High resolution reconstruction of complicated objects from incomplete and noisy data can be achieved by solving modulation equations iteratively under physical constraints. This direct demodulation method is a powerful technique for dealing…
Imperfections in X-ray imaging systems can limit their performance, especially in High Energy Density (HED) or Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE)-relevant experiments that are typically single shot, by introducing structured, non-stationary…
Single particle 3D imaging with ultrashort X-ray laser pulses is based on collecting and combining the information content of 2D scattering patterns of an object at different orientations. Typical sample-delivery schemes leave little or no…
The recent demonstration of isolated attosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) opens the possibility for probing ultrafast electron dynamics at X-ray wavelengths. An established experimental method for probing ultrafast…
Modern x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) produce x-ray pulses of exceptional transverse coherence. This is due largely to the process of optical guiding by which the radiation is both refractively guided by the bunched electron beam and…
Electron and x-ray microscopes allow one to image the entire, unlabeled structure of hydrated materials at a resolution well beyond what visible light microscopes can achieve. However, both approaches involve ionizing radiation, so that…
X-Ray imaging is quick, cheap and useful for front-line care assessment and intra-operative real-time imaging (e.g., C-Arm Fluoroscopy). However, it suffers from projective information loss and lacks vital volumetric information on which…
A general scaling of the evolution of an exploding liquid jet under an ultra short and intense X-ray pulse from a X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) is proposed. A general formulation of the conservation of energy for blasts in vacuum…
Image restoration of biological structures in microscopy poses unique challenges for preserving fine textures and sharp edges. While recent GAN-based image restoration formulations have introduced frequency-domain losses for natural images,…
In this work, we use multi-view aerial images to reconstruct the geometry, lighting, and material of facades using neural signed distance fields (SDFs). Without the requirement of complex equipment, our method only takes simple RGB images…
The extremely high power densities and short durations of single pulses of x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) have opened new opportunities in atomic physics, where complex excitation-relaxation chains allow for high ionization states in…
We theoretically and numerically analyze x-ray scattering from asymmetric-top molecules three-dimensionally aligned using elliptically polarized laser light. A rigid-rotor model is assumed. The principal axes of the polarizability tensor…
Online reconstructing and rendering of large-scale indoor scenes is a long-standing challenge. SLAM-based methods can reconstruct 3D scene geometry progressively in real time but can not render photorealistic results. While NeRF-based…
The current state of the art in structural biology is led by NMR, X-ray crystallography and TEM investigations. These powerful tools however all rely on averaging over a large ensemble of molecules. Here, we present an alternative concept…