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A probabilistic model describes a system in its observational state. In many situations, however, we are interested in the system's response under interventions. The class of structural causal models provides a language that allows us to…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-20 Jonas Peters , Stefan Bauer , Niklas Pfister

While hidden class models of various types arise in many statistical applications, it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of their parameters. Focusing on models in which there is some structure of independence of some of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-01 Elizabeth S. Allman , Catherine Matias , John A. Rhodes

This paper introduces a novel decomposition framework to explain heterogeneity in causal effects observed across different studies, considering both observational and randomized settings. We present a formal decomposition of between-study…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-18 Brian Gilbert , Ivan Dıaz , Kara E. Rudolph , Nicholas Williams , Tat-Thang Vo

Rich meta-epidemiological data sets have been collected to explore associations between intervention effect estimates and study-level characteristics. Welton et al. proposed models for the analysis of meta-epidemiological data, but these…

Applications · Statistics 2017-11-28 Kirsty Rhodes , David Mawdsley , Rebecca Turner , Hayley Jones , Jelena Savovic , Julian Higgins

Most modern probabilistic generative models, such as the variational autoencoder (VAE), have certain indeterminacies that are unresolvable even with an infinite amount of data. Different tasks tolerate different indeterminacies, however…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Quanhan Xi , Benjamin Bloem-Reddy

We propose a doubly robust approach to characterizing treatment effect heterogeneity in observational studies. We develop a frequentist inferential procedure that utilizes posterior distributions for both the propensity score and outcome…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-21 Heejun Shin , Joseph Antonelli

Causal disentanglement aims to uncover a representation of data using latent variables that are interrelated through a causal model. Such a representation is identifiable if the latent model that explains the data is unique. In this paper,…

This paper develops a first-stage linear regression representation for the instrumental variables (IV) quantile regression (QR) model. The quantile first-stage is analogous to the least squares case, i.e., a linear projection of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-02-22 Javier Alejo , Antonio F. Galvao , Gabriel Montes-Rojas

In this paper the problems of the retrospective analysis of models with time-varying structure are considered. These models include contamination models with randomly switching parameters and multivariate classification models with an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Boris Brodsky , Boris Darkhovsky

This paper considers inference for a function of a parameter vector in a partially identified model with many moment inequalities. This framework allows the number of moment conditions to grow with the sample size, possibly at exponential…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-02 Alexandre Belloni , Federico Bugni , Victor Chernozhukov

Since survival data occur over time, often important covariates that we wish to consider also change over time. Such covariates are referred as time-dependent covariates. Quantile regression offers flexible modeling of survival data by…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-01 Malka Gorfine , Yair Goldberg , Yaacov Ritov

I study partial identification of distributional parameters in triangular systems. This model consists of a nonparametric outcome equation and a selection equation. This allows for general unobserved heterogeneity and selection on…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-11 Ju Hyun Kim

Estimating how a treatment affects different individuals, known as heterogeneous treatment effect estimation, is an important problem in empirical sciences. In the last few years, there has been a considerable interest in adapting machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Christopher Tran , Keith Burghardt , Kristina Lerman , Elena Zheleva

When a researcher combines multiple instrumental variables for a single binary treatment, the monotonicity assumption of the local average treatment effects (LATE) framework can become restrictive: it requires that all units share a common…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-03-27 Leonard Goff

Covariate-specific treatment effects (CSTEs) represent heterogeneous treatment effects across subpopulations defined by certain selected covariates. In this article, we consider marginal structural models where CSTEs are linearly…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-25 Peng Wu , Zhiqiang Tan , Wenjie Hu , Xiao-Hua Zhou

Causal inference, estimating causal effects from observational data, is a fundamental tool in many disciplines. Of particular importance across a variety of domains is the continuous treatment setting, where the variable of intervention has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Christopher Stith , Medha Barath , Vahid Balazadeh , Jesse C. Cresswell , Rahul G. Krishnan

This paper provides partial identification of various binary choice models with misreported dependent variables. We propose two distinct approaches by exploiting different instrumental variables respectively. In the first approach, the…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-31 Orville Mondal , Rui Wang

We offer straightforward theoretical results that justify incorporating machine learning in the standard linear instrumental variable setting. The key idea is to use machine learning, combined with sample-splitting, to predict the treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-06-22 Jiafeng Chen , Daniel L. Chen , Greg Lewis

The new estimates of the conditional Shannon entropy are introduced in the framework of the model describing a discrete response variable depending on a vector of d factors having a density w.r.t. the Lebesgue measure in R^d. Namely, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-25 Alexander Bulinski , Alexey Kozhevin

This paper studies the identifying power of an instrumental variable in the nonparametric heterogeneous treatment effect framework when a binary treatment is mismeasured and endogenous. Using a binary instrumental variable, I characterize…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-22 Takuya Ura
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