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Given a trapezoid dissected into triangles, the area of any triangle determined by either diagonal of the trapezoid is integral over the ring generated by the areas of the triangles in the dissection. Given a parallelogram dissected into…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Aaron Abrams , Jamie Pommersheim

The correspondence between right triangles with rational sides, triplets of rational squares in arithmetic succession and integral solutions of certain quadratic forms is well known. We show how this correspondence can be extended to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-08-25 Erich Selder , Karlheinz Spindler

In this expositional paper, we discuss commutative algebra -- a study inspired by the properties of integers, rational numbers, and real numbers. In particular, we investigate rings and ideals, and their various properties. After, we…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Marc Maliar

To enumerate 3-manifold triangulations with a given property, one typically begins with a set of potential face pairing graphs (also known as dual 1-skeletons), and then attempts to flesh each graph out into full triangulations using an…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-07-25 Benjamin A. Burton , William Pettersson

In 1994, Dhar and Sinha provided a graphic representation in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ of the classification of triangles based on similarity. In this article, we briefly recall their treatment and offer a generalization by providing a graphic…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Jaitra Chattopadhyay , Siddhartha Sankar Chattopadhyay

For an arbitrary integer $x$, an integer of the form $T(x)=\frac{x^2+x}{2}$ is called a triangular number. For positive integers $\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\dots,\alpha_k$, a sum…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-11 Jangwon Ju

One of the best things about geometry is that it's cool! Geometry enables us to create incredible designs and astounding patterns. This article shows how to use a simple technique (iteration) to create designs that are both cool and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-04-14 Christopher Thron

We construct positional numeral systems that work natively over nonderived polyadic $\left( m,n\right) $-rings whose addition takes $m$ arguments and multiplication takes $n$. In such rings, the length of an admissible additive word and a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Steven Duplij

In this paper we present the set of intervals as a normed vector space. We define also a four-dimensional associative algebra whose product gives the product of intervals in any cases. This approach allows to give a notion of divisibility…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2009-10-22 Nicolas Goze , Elisabeth Remm

Plotting solution sets for particular equations may be complicated by the existence of turning points. Here we describe an algorithm which not only overcomes such problematic points, but does so in the most general of settings. Applications…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-07-05 Steven Pollack , Daniel Badali , Jonathan Pollack

In the present paper, as a generalization of the classical periodic rings, we explore those rings whose elements are additively generated by two (or more) periodic elements by calling them additively periodic. We prove that, in some major…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-11-14 M. H. Bien , P. V. Danchev , M. Ramezan-Nassab

In many areas of applied geometric/numeric computational mathematics, including geo-mapping, computer vision, computer graphics, finite element analysis, medical imaging, geometric design, and solid modeling, one has to compute incidences,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Alberto Paoluzzi , Vadim Shapiro , Antonio DiCarlo , Francesco Furiani , Giulio Martella , Giorgio Scorzelli

In general graph theory, the only relationship between vertices are expressed via the edges. When the vertices are embedded in an Euclidean space, the geometric relationships between vertices and edges can be interesting objects of study.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Chai Wah Wu

We consider composition and division algebras over the real numbers: We note two r\^oles for the group $G_{2}$: as automorphism group of the octonions and as the isotropy group of a generic 3-form in 7 dimensions. We show why they are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Luis J. Boya , R. Campoamor-Stursberg

Using the classic two's complement notation of signed integers, the fundamental arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication are identical to those for unsigned binary numbers. We introduce a Fibonacci-equivalent of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Sébastien Labbé , Jana Lepšová

A finite-dimensional unital and associative algebra over $\mathbb{R}$, or what we shall call simply "an algebra" in this paper for short, generalities the construction by which we derive the complex numbers by "adjoining an element $i$" to…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Nathan BeDell

We modify the axioms of triangulated categories to include both higher triangles and distinguished maps of higher triangles. The distinguished maps are specializations of Neeman's ``good'' maps of $2$-triangles. The axioms both simplify…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-13 Husniyah Alzubaidi , Antony Maciocia

We consider the problem of optimizing the product of the distances from a given point in a triangle to each vertex. There are two possible cases in general. For isosceles triangles, we explicitly show exactly when both cases occur.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Tommy Murphy , Kevin Tran

Tight triangulations are exotic, but highly regular objects in combinatorial topology. A triangulation is tight if all its piecewise linear embeddings into a Euclidean space are as convex as allowed by the topology of the underlying…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-10-24 Benjamin A. Burton , Basudeb Datta , Nitin Singh , Jonathan Spreer

In this paper we combine two existing approaches for approximating attractors. One of them approximates the attractors arbitrarily well by sublevel sets related to solutions of infinite dimensional linear programming problems. A downside…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-06 Corbinian Schlosser