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The game of Hangman is a classical asymmetric two player game in which one player, the setter, chooses a secret word from a language, that the other player, the guesser, tries to discover through single letter matching queries, answered by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Jérémy Barbay , Bernardo Subercaseaux

In games with imperfect recall, players may forget the sequence of decisions they made in the past. When players also forget whether they have already encountered their current decision point, they are said to be absent-minded. Solving…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hugo Gimbert , Soumyajit Paul , B. Srivathsan

We introduce a guessing game, permutation Wordle, in which a guesser attempts to recover a hidden permutation in $S_n$. In each round, the guesser guesses a permutation (using information from previous rounds) and is told which entries of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Samuel A. Kutin , Lawren M. Smithline

The deduction game is a variation of the game of cops and robber on graphs in which searchers must capture an invisible evader in at most one move. Searchers know each others' initial locations, but can only communicate if they are on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Andrea Burgess , Danny Dyer , Mozhgan Farahani

In imperfect-information games, subgame solving is significantly more challenging than in perfect-information games, but in the last few years, such techniques have been developed. They were the key ingredient to the milestone of superhuman…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Brian Hu Zhang , Tuomas Sandholm

I consider the natural infinitary variations of the games Wordle and Mastermind, as well as their game-theoretic variations Absurdle and Madstermind, considering these games with infinitely long words and infinite color sequences and…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Joel David Hamkins

The deduction game may be thought of as a variant on the classical game of cops and robber in which the cops (searchers) aim to capture an invisible robber (evader); each cop is allowed to move at most once, and cops situated on different…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Andrea C. Burgess , Nancy E. Clarke , Shannon L. Fitzpatrick , Melissa A. Huggan

Historically applied exclusively to perfect information games, depth-limited search with value functions has been key to recent advances in AI for imperfect information games. Most prominent approaches with strong theoretical guarantees…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Christopher Solinas , Douglas Rebstock , Nathan R. Sturtevant , Michael Buro

Infinite chess is chess played on an infinite edgeless chessboard. The familiar chess pieces move about according to their usual chess rules, and each player strives to place the opposing king into checkmate. The mate-in-n problem of…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-05-17 Dan Brumleve , Joel David Hamkins , Philipp Schlicht

Poker is in the family of imperfect information games unlike other games such as chess, connect four, etc which are perfect information game instead. While many perfect information games have been solved, no non-trivial imperfect…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Prathamesh Sonawane , Arav Chheda

In this article, we look at a hat-guessing game, in which each player must guess the color of their own hat while only seeing the hats of the other players. We focus on the case of two hat colors and a countably infinite number of players.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Nathaniel Eldredge

Consider the following one player game. A deck containing $m$ copies of $n$ different card types is shuffled uniformly at random. Each round the player tries to guess the next card in the deck, and then the card is revealed and discarded.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Sam Spiro

We consider one-round games between a classical verifier and two provers who share entanglement. We show that when the constraints enforced by the verifier are `unique' constraints (i.e., permutations), the value of the game can be well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-03 Julia Kempe , Oded Regev , Ben Toner

In this paper we introduce novel algorithmic strategies for effciently playing two-player games in which the players have different or identical player roles. In the case of identical roles, the players compete for the same objective (that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Mugurel Ionut Andreica , Nicolae Tapus

In a game of permutation wordle, a player attempts to guess a secret permutation in the fewest number of guesses possible. Previously, Samuel Kutin and Lawren Smithline (arXiv:2408.00903) introduced this game and proposed a strategy called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Aurora Hiveley

We investigate the interrelation between graph searching games and games with imperfect information. As key consequence we obtain that parity games with bounded imperfect information can be solved in PTIME on graphs of bounded DAG-width…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Bernd Puchala , Roman Rabinovich

Games have a long history as benchmarks for progress in artificial intelligence. Approaches using search and learning produced strong performance across many perfect information games, and approaches using game-theoretic reasoning and…

Mirror games were invented by Garg and Schnieder (ITCS 2019). Alice and Bob take turns (with Alice playing first) in declaring numbers from the set {1,2, ...2n}. If a player picks a number that was previously played, that player loses and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Roey Magen , Moni Naor

We develop a method that integrates the tree of thoughts and multi-agent framework to enhance the capability of pre-trained language models in solving complex, unfamiliar games. The method decomposes game-solving into four incremental tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yunhao Yang , Leonard Berthellemy , Ufuk Topcu

In this work, the trick-taking game Wizard with a separate bidding and playing phase is modeled by two interleaved partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP). Deep Q-Networks (DQN) are used to empower self-improving agents,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Jonas Schumacher , Marco Pleines