Related papers: Truth as Utility: A Conceptual Synthesis
In systems modelling, a 'system' typically comprises located resources relative to which processes execute. One important use of logic in informatics is in modelling such systems for the purpose of reasoning (perhaps automated) about their…
We consider social welfare functions when the preferences of individual agents and society maximize subjective expected utility in the tradition of Savage. A system of axioms is introduced whose unique solution is the social welfare…
In this paper, a new approximate syllogistic reasoning schema is described that expands some of the approaches expounded in the literature into two ways: (i) a number of different types of quantifiers (logical, absolute, proportional,…
Counterfactual reasoning is a foundational topic in both philosophical and logical studies \cite{Stalnaker1968-STAATO-5, Lewis1973-LEWC-2}. A pivotal component of counterfactual analysis is the concept of similarity between possible worlds…
Mutually exclusive decisions have been studied for decades. Many well-known decision theories have been defined to help people either to make rational decisions or to interpret people's behaviors, such as expected utility theory, regret…
It is outlined the possibility to extend the quantum formalism in relation to the requirements of the general systems theory. It can be done by using a quantum semantics arising from the deep logical structure of quantum theory. It is so…
Preference queries are relational algebra or SQL queries that contain occurrences of the winnow operator ("find the most preferred tuples in a given relation"). Such queries are parameterized by specific preference relations. Semantic…
Lukasiewicz logic is a "fuzzy" logic in which truth value can be real numbers in the unit interval. There are connectives for min, max, addition and complement (1-x). The "value" of a closed formula in a fuzzy (relational model) is defined…
The highly influential framework of conceptual spaces provides a geometric way of representing knowledge. Instances are represented by points in a high-dimensional space and concepts are represented by regions in this space. Our recent…
Impossibility results show that important fairness measures (independence, separation, sufficiency) cannot be satisfied at the same time under reasonable assumptions. This paper explores whether we can satisfy and/or improve these fairness…
Social choice theory offers a wealth of approaches for selecting a candidate on behalf of voters based on their reported preference rankings over options. When voters have underlying utilities for these options, however, using preference…
We present a propositional logic with fundamental probabilistic semantics, in which each formula is given a real measure in the interval $[0,1]$ that represents its degree of truth. This semantics replaces the binarity of classical logic,…
We formulate conditions for the solvability of the problem of robust utility maximization from final wealth in continuous time financial markets, without assuming weak compactness of the densities of the uncertainty set, as customary in the…
Dependence logic provides an elegant approach for introducing dependencies between variables into the object language of first-order logic. In [1] generalized quantifiers were introduced in this context. However, a satisfactory account was…
I discuss some connotations of mathematical notion of "truth" in the context of humanistic discourse
Many have wondered how mathematics, which appears to be the result of both human creativity and human discovery, can possibly exhibit the degree of success and seemingly-universal applicability to quantifying the physical world as…
The theory of institutions is framed as an indexed/fibered duality, where the indexed aspect specifies the fibered aspect. Tarski represented truth in terms of a satisfaction relation. The theory of institutions encodes satisfaction as its…
By considering probability distributions over the set of assignments the expected truth values assignment to propositional variables are extended through linear operators, and the expected truth values of the clauses at any given…
Motivated by the analysis of a general optimal portfolio selection problem, which encompasses as special cases an optimal consumption and an optimal debt-arrangement problem, we are concerned with the questions of how a personality trait…
This paper develops a category-theoretic approach to uncertainty, informativeness and decision-making problems. It is based on appropriate first order fuzzy logic in which not only logical connectives but also quantifiers have fuzzy…