Related papers: On the electron to proton mass ratio and the proto…
The present paper is based upon ideas and results obtained in an earlier paper by the author devoted to a new formulation of quantum electrodynamics. The equations derived in that paper depict the structure and properties of the electron as…
A method for quantization of the proton mass is here addressed, which provides a plausible explanation for the origin of mass and leads to the unification of mass and electric charge through their coupling. By means of an electromagnetic…
Accepted values of the masses of several subatomic particles have been under debate since recent measurements in Penning traps produced more precise yet incompatible results, implying possible inconsistencies in closely related physical…
A brief overview of the recent activity in the measurement of the elastic electromagnetic proton and neutron form factors is presented. It is discussed how the quality of the data has been greatly improved by performing double polarization…
We explore the electromagnetic contribution to the charge symmetry breaking in the octet baryon masses using a subtracted dispersion relation based on the Cottingham formula. For the proton-neutron mass splitting we report a minor revision…
The mass radius is a fundamental property of the proton that so far has not been determined from experiment. Here we show that the mass radius of the proton can be rigorously defined through the formfactor of the trace of the…
We present a new derivation of the proton-electron mass ratio from the hydrogen molecular ion, HD$^+$. The derivation entails the adjustment of the mass ratio in highly precise theory so as to reproduce accurately measured ro-vibrational…
The Cottingham formula expresses the electromagnetic part of the mass of a particle in terms of the virtual Compton scattering amplitude. At large photon momenta, this amplitude is dominated by short distance singularities associated with…
We compute the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron using lattice QCD. We employ $N_\mathrm{f}$=2+1+1 twisted mass clover-improved fermions with quark masses tuned to their physical values. Three ensembles with lattice…
There is a long-standing discrepancy between different measurements of the electric and magnetic radii of the proton. Lattice QCD calculations are a well-suited tool for theoretical investigations of the structure of the nucleon from first…
The ratio between the proton and electron masses is shown to be close to the ratio between the strong and electromagnetic interaction coupling constants at Extremely Low Energy (ELE). Based on the experimental data, this relation has been…
We study the internal structure of the proton and propose a shell structure model of the proton. Based on the mass distribution and mass radius of proton we analyze the experiments at different energy scales and conclude that there should…
We treat the mass of a proton as the total static energy which can be separated into two parts that come from the contribution of quarks and gluons respectively. We adopt the essential of the bag model of hadron to discuss the structure of…
We present lattice-QCD results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. The parametrization of the $Q^2$-dependence of the form factors is combined with…
Precision computation of hadronic physics with lattice QCD is becoming feasible. The last decade has seen percent-level calculations of many simple properties of mesons, and the last few years have seen calculations of baryon masses,…
A symmetry-preserving truncation of the quantum field equations describing hadron properties is used to deliver parameter-free predictions for all nucleon elastic electromagnetic form factors and their flavour separation to large values of…
The electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron encode information on the spatial structure of their charge and magnetization distributions. While measurements of the proton are relatively straightforward, the lack of a free…
The Dressed K-matrix Model, developed previously for low- and intermediate-energy Compton scattering, is generalized to calculate the photon-nucleon vertex with a virtual photon and an off-shell nucleon. Using this model, the ratio of the…
The size of the stable elementary particles is investigated with the standing wave model. The particle size follows from the magnitude of the radiation pressure. It is shown that the outward directed radiation pressure is balanced by the…
The ratio of the proton's elastic electromagnetic form factors was obtained by measuring the transverse and longitudinal polarizations of recoiling protons from the elastic scattering of polarized electrons with unpolarized protons. The…