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Even as today's most prominent spin-based qubit technologies are maturing in terms of capability and sophistication, there is growing interest in exploring alternate material platforms that may provide advantages, such as enhanced qubit…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-20 Will J. Hardy , C. Thomas Harris , Yi-Hsin Su , Yen Chuang , Jonathan Moussa , Leon N. Maurer , Jiun-Yun Li , Tzu-Ming Lu , Dwight R. Luhman

While bulk silicon has long been understood to exhibit relatively weak spin-orbit coupling (SOC), confinement of electrons to quantum dots (QDs) at a silicon heterointerface results in significantly larger SOC. This is a concern for…

We discuss the choice and implementation of inter-valley potentials in the so-called two bands $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ model for the opposite $X$, $Y$ or $Z$ valleys of silicon. We focus on the description of valley splittings in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Tancredi Salamone , Biel Martinez Diaz , Jing Li , Lukas Cvitkovich , Yann-Michel Niquet

Orbital degeneracy of the electronic conduction band edge in silicon is a potential roadblock to the storage and manipulation of quantum information involving the electronic spin degree of freedom in this host material. This difficulty may…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-11-15 A. L. Saraiva , M. J. Calderón , Rodrigo B. Capaz , Xuedong Hu , S. Das Sarma , Belita Koiller

We investigate a two-electron double quantum dot with both spin and valley degrees of freedom as they occur in graphene, carbon nanotubes, or silicon, and regard the 16-dimensional space with one electron per dot as a four-qubit logic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Niklas Rohling , Guido Burkard

Spins in SiGe quantum dots are promising candidates for quantum bits but are also challenging due to the valley degeneracy which could potentially cause spin decoherence and weak spin-orbital coupling. In this work we demonstrate that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Y. -Y. Liu , L. A. Orona , Samuel F. Neyens , E. R. MacQuarrie , M. A. Eriksson , A. Yacoby

Germanium (Ge) quantum wells are emerging as versatile platforms for quantum devices, supporting high-quality spin qubits and integration with superconducting leads. These applications benefit from strong intrinsic spin-orbit interaction…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Patrick Del Vecchio , Kevin Rossi , Giordano Scappucci , Stefano Bosco

Spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots represent a prominent family of solid-state qubits in the effort to build a quantum computer. They are formed when electrons or holes are confined in a static potential well in a semiconductor,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Shannon Harvey

In silicon spin qubits, the valley splitting must be tuned far away from the qubit Zeeman splitting to prevent fast qubit relaxation. In this work, we study in detail how the valley splitting depends on the electric and magnetic fields as…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-11 Amin Hosseinkhani , Guido Burkard

Spin and valley-orbit splittings are calculated in SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum wells (QWs) by using the tight-binding approach. In accordance with the symmetry considerations an existence of spin splitting of electronic states in perfect QWs with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-10-07 M. O. Nestoklon , L. E. Golub , E. L. Ivchenko

Interface disorder and its effect on the valley degeneracy of the conduction band edge remains among the greatest theoretical challenges for understanding the operation of spin qubits in silicon. Here, we investigate a counterintuitive…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-02-15 A. L. Saraiva , Belita Koiller , Mark Friesen

Silicon spin qubits are a promising quantum computing platform offering long coherence times, small device sizes, and compatibility with industry-backed device fabrication techniques. In recent years, high fidelity single-qubit and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 A. J. Sigillito , J. C. Loy , D. M. Zajac , M. J. Gullans , L. F. Edge , J. R. Petta

The lifting of the two-fold degeneracy of the conduction valleys in a strained silicon quantum well is critical for spin quantum computing. Here, we obtain an accurate measurement of the splitting of the valley states in the low-field…

A sharp potential barrier at the Si/SiGe interface introduces valley splitting (VS), which lifts the 2-fold valley degeneracy in strained SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum wells (QWs). This work examines in detail the effects of Si/SiGe interface…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-03-07 Zhengping Jiang , Neerav Kharche , Timothy Boykin , Gerhard Klimeck

Electrons confined in Si quantum dots possess orbital, spin, and valley degrees of freedom (d.o.f.). We perform Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg-Majorana (LZSM) interferometry on a Si double quantum dot that is strongly coupled to a microwave…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 X. Mi , S. Kohler , J. R. Petta

Coherent coupling between distant qubits is needed for any scalable quantum computing scheme. In quantum dot systems, one proposal for long-distance coupling is to coherently transfer electron spins across a chip in a moving potential.…

The performance and scalability of silicon spin qubits depend directly on the value of the conduction band valley splitting. In this work, we investigate the influence of electromagnetic fields and the interface width on the valley…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Jonas R. F. Lima , Guido Burkard

Individual impurity atoms in silicon can make superb individual qubits, but it remains an immense challenge to build a multi-qubit processor: There is a basic conflict between nanometre separation desired for qubit-qubit interactions, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Joe O'Gorman , Naomi H. Nickerson , Philipp Ross , John J. L. Morton , Simon C. Benjamin

Silicon quantum dot qubits must contend with low-lying valley excited states which are sensitive functions of the quantum well heterostructure and disorder; quantifying and maximizing the energies of these states are critical to improving…

Spatial variations of the valley splitting in a quantum well present a key challenge for conveyor-mode shuttling of electron spins in Si/SiGe, giving rise to Landau-Zener-like excitations that cause leakage outside the qubit subspace. Here,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Merritt P. R. Losert , S. N. Coppersmith , Mark Friesen