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We prove a structure theorem for multiplicative functions on the Gaussian integers, showing that every bounded multiplicative function on the Gaussian integers can be decomposed into a term which is approximately periodic and another which…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-12-04 Wenbo Sun

We prove a structure theorem for multiplicative functions which states that an arbitrary bounded multiplicative function can be decomposed into two terms, one that is approximately periodic and another that has small Gowers uniformity norm…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-27 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Bernard Host

Suppose we partition the integers into finitely many cells. Can we always find a solution of the equation $x^2+y^2=z^2$ with $x,y,z$ on the same cell? What about more general homogeneous quadratic equations in three variables? These are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Nikos Frantzikinakis

We address a core partition regularity problem in Ramsey theory by proving that every finite coloring of the positive integers contains monochromatic Pythagorean pairs, i.e., $x,y\in \mathbb{N}$ such that $x^2\pm y^2=z^2$ for some $z\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Oleksiy Klurman , Joel Moreira

We obtain partition regularity results for homogeneous quadratic equations whose parametrized solutions admit nice factorizations into linear forms over rings of integers of imaginary quadratic fields. To do so, we develop number-theoretic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Sebastián Donoso , Andreu Ferré Moragues , Andreas Koutsogiannis , Wenbo Sun

In a previous paper of the second author with K. Ono, surprising multiplicative properties of the partition function were presented. Here, we deal with $k$-regular partitions. Extending the generating function for $k$-regular partitions…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-11 Olivia Beckwith , Christine Bessenrodt

We address partition regularity problems for homogeneous quadratic equations. A consequence of our main results is that, under natural conditions on the coefficients $a,b,c$, for any finite coloring of the positive integers, there exists a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-08 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Oleksiy Klurman , Joel Moreira

Motivated by partition regularity problems of homogeneous quadratic equations, we prove multiple recurrence and convergence results for multiplicative measure preserving actions with iterates given by rational sequences involving…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Nikos Frantzikinakis

The parity of the partition function $p(n)$ remains strikingly mysterious. Beyond a handful of fragmentary results, essentially nothing is known about the distribution of parity. We prove a uniform result on quadratic progressions. If…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Ken Ono

A system of homogeneous linear equations with integer coefficients is partition regular if, whenever the natural numbers are finitely coloured, the system has a monochromatic solution. The Finite Sums theorem provided the first example of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-20 Ben Barber , Neil Hindman , Imre Leader

Recently, Andrews, Hirschhorn and Sellers have proven congruences modulo 3 for four types of partitions using elementary series manipulations. In this paper, we generalize their congruences using arithmetic properties of certain quadratic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Jeremy Lovejoy , Robert Osburn

We consider systems of $n$ diagonal equations in $k$th powers. Our main result shows that if the coefficient matrix of such a system is sufficiently non-singular, then the system is partition regular if and only if it satisfies Rado's…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-25 Jonathan Chapman

We consider the number of the $6$-regular partitions of $n$, $b_6(n)$, and give infinite families of congruences modulo $3$ (in arithmetic progression) for $b_6(n)$. We also consider the number of the partitions of $n$ into distinct parts…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-03 Cristina Ballantine , Mircea Merca

This article provides a proof of a generalization of Schur's theorem on the partition regularity of the equation x+y=z, which involves a divisibility condition. This generalization will be utilized to prove the existence of 'small'…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-01 Carsten Dietzel

We study systems of functional equations whose solutions can be parameterized in function of one variable; our main result proves that the partition regularity (PR) of such systems can be completely characterized by the existence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Lorenzo Luperi Baglini , Paulo Henrique Arruda

We prove partition regularity of the configuration $x,y,x+y,y/x$ in a strong infinitary form that extends Hindman's Theorem. We study the related issue of partition regularity of configurations involving products of a degree one polynomial…

We show how multiplicatively syndetic sets can be used in the study of partition regularity of dilation invariant systems of polynomial equations. In particular, we prove that a dilation invariant system of polynomial equations is partition…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-17 Jonathan Chapman

The theory of partition congruences has been a fascinating and difficult subject for over a century now. In attempting to prove a given congruence family, multiple possible complications include the genus of the underlying modular curve,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Nicolas Allen Smoot

Let $m$ be a positive integer and $b_{m}(n)$ be the number of partitions of $n$ with parts being powers of 2, where each part can take $m$ colors. We show that if $m=2^{k}-1$, then there exists the natural density of integers $n$ such that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Bartosz Sobolewski , Maciej Ulas

The partition algebras are algebras of diagrams (which contain the group algebra of the symmetric group and the Brauer algebra) such that the multiplication is given by a combinatorial rule and such that the structure constants of the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tom Halverson , Arun Ram
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