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We show that a spin-1/2 particle in the gravitational field of a massive body of radius R which slightly exceeds the Schwarzschild radius r_s, possesses a dense spectrum of narrow resonances. Their lifetimes and density tend to infinity in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-07-08 G. H. Gossel , J. C. Berengut , V. V. Flambaum , G. F. Gribakin

This paper investigates gravitational lensing effects in the presence of plasma in the strong deflection limit, which corresponds to light rays circling around a compact object and forming higher-order images. While previous studies of this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-26 Fabiano Feleppa , Valerio Bozza , Oleg Yu. Tsupko

The photon sphere concept in Schwarzschild space-time is generalized to a definition of a photon surface in an arbitrary space-time. A photon sphere is then defined as an SO(3)xR-invariant photon surface in a static spherically symmetric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-22 Clarissa-Marie Claudel , K. S. Virbhadra , G. F. R. Ellis

Black holes are a paradigm in nowadays physics, and are expected to be hosted at the center of galaxies. Supermassive galactic black holes are not isolated, and their surroundings play crucial roles in many observational features. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-04 Caio F. B. Macedo , Luiz C. S. Leite , Luís C. B. Crispino

One of the most remarkable predictions of the general theory of relativity is the existence of black-hole "photonspheres", compact null hypersurfaces on which massless particles can orbit the central black hole. We prove that every…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-02-01 Shahar Hod

We consider the optical appearance of a non-singular, spherically symmetric black hole from Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity coupled to anisotropic fluids. Such a black hole has a single (external) horizon located very near the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-01 David Díaz-Guerra , Angel Rincon , Diego Rubiera-Garcia

The photon sphere, a hypersurface of circular null geodesics, plays a fundamental role in characterizing black hole spacetimes, influencing phenomena such as black hole shadows, gravitational lensing, and quasinormal modes. While universal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-25 Yong Song , Jiaqi Fu , Yiting Cen

There are circular planar null geodesics at $r=3M$ around a Schwarzschild black hole of mass $M$. These geodesics form a photon sphere. Null geodesics of the Schwarzschild space-time which do not form the photon sphere are either escape to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-03 Andrey A. Shoom

We give a full metric describing the gravitational field of a static and axisymmetric thin disk without radial pressure encircling a Schwarzschild black hole. The disk density profiles are astrophysically realistic, stretching from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-13 Petr Kotlařík , David Kofroň

We continue our study of the decoupled wave equation in the exterior of a spherically symmetric, Schwarzschild, black hole. Because null geodesics on the photon sphere orbit the black hole, extra effort must be made to show that the high…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. Blue , A. Soffer

This paper investigates the optical appearance of a Schwarzschild-like black hole (BH) surrounded by a Dehnen-(1, 4, 5/2) type dark matter (DM) halo, with a focus on how the DM halo's density $\rho_{s}$ and radius $r_{s}$ influence the BH's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-17 Zuting Luo , Meirong Tang , Zhaoyi Xu

We examine the spectrum of a massive scalar particle interacting with the strong gravitational field of a static, spherically symmetric object which is not quite massive enough to be a black hole. As was found in the case of massless…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 G. H. Gossel , J. C. Berengut , V. V. Flambaum

The simplest possible equation for Hawking radiation, and other black hole radiated power is derived in terms of black hole density. Black hole density also leads to the simplest possible model of a gas of elementary constituents confined…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mario Rabinowitz

The singularity of a spherical (Schwarzschild) black hole is a surface, not a point. A freely-falling, non-rotating observer sees Hawking radiation with energy density diverging with radius as $\rho \propto r^{-6}$ near the Schwarzschild…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-12 Andrew J. S. Hamilton

In this work, we focus on the situation where a significant amount of matter could be located close to the event horizon of the central black hole and how it affects the gravitational lensing signal. We consider a simple toy model where the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-28 Harsha Miriam Reji , Mandar Patil

We study images of spacetimes containing continuous photon spheres (CPS). For a self-gravitating, isotropic, spherically symmetric spacetime with CPS, we find that a thin accretion disk produces images that closely resemble those of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-21 Long-Yue Li , Xia-Yuan Liu , Rong-Gen Cai , Yungui Gong , Wenting Zhou

The geodesic equations are considered in static mass imbedded in a uniform electromagnetic field. Due to electromagnetic field horizon shrinks and geodesics are modified. By analyzing the behavior of the effective potentials for the…

General Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 A. Al-Badawi , M. Q. Owaidat , S. Tarawneh

Schwarzschild black holes can produce strong gravitational lensing. The relativistic images are produced due to bending of light around the black hole. We propose a model equation to study the strong gravitational lensing. The model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-17 Tushar Kanti Dey

In this work, we have studied weak gravitational lensing effect around black hole and determine shadow radius in GUP-corrected-Schwarzschild spacetime (S-GUP) in presence of plasma environment. We started with orbits of photons around black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-29 Husanboy Hoshimov , Odil Yunusov , Farruh Atamurotov , Mubasher Jamil , Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov

We study in special limiting cases quasinormal modes of massive scalar fields in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole backgrounds. We determine the lower limit on the mass parameter of the scalar field that allows the waves with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-25 Bobir Toshmatov , Zdeněk Stuchlík