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We simulate the implementation of a T-gate, or $\frac{\pi}{8}$-gate, for a [7,1,3] encoded logical qubit in a non-equiprobable error environment. We demonstrate that the use of certain non-fault tolerant methods in the implementation may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Yaakov S. Weinstein

In this paper, we settle the long-standing open problem of the minimum cost of two-qubit gates for simulating a Toffoli gate. More precisely, we show that five two-qubit gates are necessary. Before our work, it is known that five gates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-24 Nengkun Yu , Runyao Duan , Mingsheng Ying

The simplest decomposition of a Toffoli gate acting on three qubits requires {\em five} 2-qubit gates. If we restrict ourselves to controlled-sign (or controlled-NOT) gates this number climbs to six. We show that the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. C. Ralph , K. J. Resch , A. Gilchrist

To build a general-purpose quantum computer, it is crucial for the quantum devices to implement classical boolean logic. A straightforward realization of quantum boolean logic is to use auxiliary qubits as intermediate storage. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 I. M. Tsai , S. Y. Kuo

Reversible computation has been proposed as a future paradigm for energy efficient computation, but so far few implementations have been realised in practice. Quantum circuits, running on quantum computers, are one construct known to be…

Controlled quantum gates play a crucial role in enabling quantum universal operations by facilitating interactions between qubits. Direct implementation of three-qubit gates simplifies the design of quantum circuits, thereby being conducive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Qianke Wang , Dawei Lyu , Jun Liu , Jian Wang

We propose an exotic multi-qubit Toffoli gate protocol via asymmetric Rydberg blockade, benefiting from the use of a spheroidal configuration to optimize the gate performance. The merit of a spheroidal structure lies in a well preservation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-24 Dongmin Yu , Weiping Zhang , Jin-ming Liu , Shilei Su , Jing Qian

Recent years have seen rapid development in the subject of quantum coding theory, with breakthroughs on many exciting classes of codes, including quantum LDPC codes, quantum locally testable codes, and quantum codes with interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Adam Wills , Ting-Chun Lin , Rachel Yun Zhang , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Probabilistic graphical models such as Bayesian networks are widely used to model stochastic systems to perform various types of analysis such as probabilistic prediction, risk analysis, and system health monitoring, which can become…

This paper investigates the synthesis of quantum networks built to realize ternary switching circuits in the absence of ancilla bits. The results we established are twofold. The first shows that ternary Swap, ternary Not and ternary Toffoli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Guowu Yang , Xiaoyu Song , Marek Perkowski , Jinzhao Wu

Three-qubit quantum gates are key ingredients for quantum error correction and quantum information processing. We generate quantum-control procedures to design three types of three-qubit gates, namely Toffoli, Controlled-Not-Not and Fredkin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Ehsan Zahedinejad , Joydip Ghosh , Barry C. Sanders

We provide a method for compiling approximate multi-controlled single qubit gates into quantum circuits without ancilla qubits. The total number of elementary gates to decompose an n-qubit multi-controlled gate is proportional to 32n, and…

We perform optimal-control-theory calculations to determine the minimum number of two-qubit CNOT gates needed to perform quantum state preparation and unitary operator synthesis for few-qubit systems. By considering all possible gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Sahel Ashhab , Naoki Yamamoto , Fumiki Yoshihara , Kouichi Semba

We report optimal and asymptotically optimal reversible circuits composed of NOT, CNOT, and Toffoli (NCT) gates, keeping the count by the subsets of the gate types used. This study fine tunes the circuit complexity figures for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-25 Dmitri Maslov

Qubitization is a modern approach to estimate Hamiltonian eigenvalues without simulating its time evolution. While in this way approximation errors are avoided, its resource and gate requirements are more extensive: qubitization requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Mark Steudtner , Stephanie Wehner

The question of finding a lower bound on the number of Toffoli gates in a classical reversible circuit is addressed. A method based on quantum information concepts is proposed. The method involves solely concepts from quantum information -…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sandu Popescu , Berry Groisman , Serge Massar

In some quantum algorithms, arithmetic operations are of utmost importance for resource estimation. In binary quantum systems, some efficient implementation of arithmetic operations like, addition/subtraction, multiplication/division,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Amit Saha , Turbasu Chatterjee , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Amlan Chakrabarti

Each year, the gap between theoretical proposals and experimental endeavours to create quantum computers gets smaller, driven by the promise of fundamentally faster algorithms and quantum simulations. This occurs by the combination of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-20 Bobby Antonio

Superconducting quantum devices are a leading technology for quantum computation, but they suffer from several challenges. Gate errors, coherence errors and a lack of connectivity all contribute to low fidelity results. In particular,…

Quantum manipulation based on geometric phases provides a promising way towards robust quantum gates. However, in the current implementation of nonadiabatic geometric phases, operational and/or random errors tend to destruct the conditions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Jian Zhou , Sai Li , Guo-Zhu Pan , Gang Zhang , Tao Chen , Zheng-Yuan Xue