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Spectral graph neural networks (GNNs) learn graph representations via spectral-domain graph convolutions. However, most existing spectral graph filters are scalar-to-scalar functions, i.e., mapping a single eigenvalue to a single filtered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Deyu Bo , Chuan Shi , Lele Wang , Renjie Liao

The aim of the present article is to give an overview of spectral theory on metric graphs guided by spectral geometry on discrete graphs and manifolds. We present the basic concept of metric graphs and natural Laplacians acting on it and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-02-15 Olaf Post

Contemporary data is often supported by an irregular structure, which can be conveniently captured by a graph. Accounting for this graph support is crucial to analyze the data, leading to an area known as graph signal processing (GSP). The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Geert Leus , Santiago Segarra , Alejandro Ribeiro , Antonio G. Marques

Graph signal processing extends spectral analysis to data supported on irregular domains. Existing fractional transforms for two-dimensional graph signals, including the two-dimensional graph fractional Fourier transform (GFRFT), typically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Mingzhi Wang , Manjun Cui , Feiyue Zhao , Yangfan He , Zhichao Zhang

The use of graph convolution in the development of recommender system algorithms has recently achieved state-of-the-art results in the collaborative filtering task (CF). While it has been demonstrated that the graph convolution operation is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Edoardo D'Amico , Aonghus Lawlor , Neil Hurley

The graph fractional Fourier transform (GFRFT) applies a single global fractional order to all graph frequencies, which restricts its adaptability to diverse signal characteristics across the spectral domain. To address this limitation, in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Manjun Cui , Zhichao Zhang , Wei Yao

We consider the algorithmic complexity of recognizing bipartite temporal graphs. Rather than defining these graphs solely by their underlying graph or individual layers, we define a bipartite temporal graph as one in which every layer can…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Till Fluschnik , Pascal Kunz

Polynomial graph filters have been widely used as guiding principles in the design of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Recently, the adaptive learning of the polynomial graph filters has demonstrated promising performance for modeling graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Wendi Yu , Zhichao Hou , Xiaorui Liu

Motivated by discrete Laplacian differential operators with various accuracy orders in numerical analysis, we introduce new matrices attached to a simple graph that can be considered graph Laplacians with higher accuracy. In particular, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Mary Yoon

Graphs are irregular structures which naturally account for data integrity, however, traditional approaches have been established outside Signal Processing, and largely focus on analyzing the underlying graphs rather than signals on graphs.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-14 Ljubisa Stankovic , Danilo Mandic , Milos Dakovic , Ilya Kisil , Ervin Sejdic , Anthony G. Constantinides

In this paper, we present two localized graph filtering based methods for interpolating graph signals defined on the vertices of arbitrary graphs from only a partial set of samples. The first method is an extension of previous work on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-10-11 Sunil K. Narang , Akshay Gadde , Eduard Sanou , Antonio Ortega

This paper proposes a blind detection problem for low pass graph signals. Without assuming knowledge of the exact graph topology, we aim to detect if a set of graph signal observations are generated from a low pass graph filter. Our problem…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-24 Chenyue Zhang , Yiran He , Hoi-To Wai

In this article we introduce a definition of k-uniform thresholds hypergraphs through a binary sequence, a natural extension of the classical definition for thresholds graphs. We characterize some of its eigenvalues and multiplicities by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Miriam Abdón , Lucas Portugal , Renata Del-Vecchio , Renata de Freitas

Stochastic network influences complicate graph filter design by producing uncertainty in network iteration matrix eigenvalues, the points at which the graph filter response is defined. While joint statistics for the eigenvalues typically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-01 Stephen Kruzick , José M. F. Moura

What is the best way to match the nodes of two graphs? This graph alignment problem generalizes graph isomorphism and arises in applications from social network analysis to bioinformatics. Some solutions assume that auxiliary information on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Judith Hermanns , Anton Tsitsulin , Marina Munkhoeva , Alex Bronstein , Davide Mottin , Panagiotis Karras

We investigate the structure of conformally rigid graphs. Graphs are conformally rigid if introducing edge weights cannot increase (decrease) the second (last) eigenvalue of the Graph Laplacian. Edge-transitive graphs and distance-regular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-26 João Gouveia , Stefan Steinerberger , Rekha R. Thomas

We introduce a quantitative measure of network bipartivity as a proportion of even to total number of closed walks in the network. Spectral graph theory is used to quantify how close to bipartite a network is and the extent to which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ernesto Estrada , Juan A. Rodriguez-Velazquez

Spectral features are widely incorporated within Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to improve their expressive power, or their ability to distinguish among non-isomorphic graphs. One popular example is the usage of graph Laplacian eigenvectors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Snir Hordan , Maya Bechler-Speicher , Gur Lifshitz , Nadav Dym

In digital signal processing, shift-invariant filters can be represented as a polynomial expansion of a shift operation,that is, the Z-transform representation. When extended to graph signal processing (GSP), this would mean that a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-15 Liyan Chen , Samuel Cheng , Vlandimir Stankovic , Lina Stankovic

Contrastive learning has emerged as a premier method for learning representations with or without supervision. Recent studies have shown its utility in graph representation learning for pre-training. Despite successes, the understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Amur Ghose , Yingxue Zhang , Jianye Hao , Mark Coates