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Experiments under laboratory conditions were carried out to study the ordering in bidirectional pedestrian streams and its influence on the fundamental diagram (density-speed-flow relation). The Voronoi method is used to resolve the fine…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-12-10 Jun Zhang , Wolfram Klingsch , Andreas Schadschneider , Armin Seyfried

Directed networks are ubiquitous and are necessary to represent complex systems with asymmetric interactions---from food webs to the World Wide Web. Despite the importance of edge direction for detecting local and community structure, it…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-11-09 Jacob G. Foster , David V. Foster , Peter Grassberger , Maya Paczuski

The concept of 'complexity' plays a central role in complex network science. Traditionally, this term has been taken to express heterogeneity of the node degrees of a therefore complex network. However, given that the degree distribution is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-01 Éverton F. da Cunha , Luciano da F. Costa

All types of networks arise as intricate combinations of dyadic building blocks formed by pairs of vertices. In directed networks, the dyadic patterns are entirely determined by reciprocity, i.e. the tendency to form, or to avoid, mutual…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-01-14 Tiziano Squartini , Francesco Picciolo , Franco Ruzzenenti , Diego Garlaschelli

Network analysis has become an increasingly prevalent research tool across a vast range of scientific fields. Here, we focus on the particular issue of comparing network statistics, i.e. graph-level measures of network structural features,…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-03-07 Anna Smith , Catherine A. Calder , Christopher R. Browning

The random graph of Erdos and Renyi is one of the oldest and best studied models of a network, and possesses the considerable advantage of being exactly solvable for many of its average properties. However, as a model of real-world networks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. E. J. Newman

Network-theoretic tools contribute to understanding real-world system dynamics, e.g., in wildlife conservation, epidemics, and power outages. Network visualization helps illustrate structural heterogeneity; however, details about…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Kehinde R. Salau , Jacopo A. Baggio , Marco A. Janssen , Joshua K. Abbott , Eli P. Fenichel

We analyze the distribution of the distance between two nodes, sampled uniformly at random, in digraphs generated via the directed configuration model, in the supercritical regime. Under the assumption that the covariance between the…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-24 Pim van der Hoorn , Mariana Olvera-Cravioto

The widespread relevance of complex networks is a valuable tool in the analysis of a broad range of systems. There is a demand for tools which enable the extraction of meaningful information and allow the comparison between different…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-03-30 Kathryn Cooper , Mauricio Barahona

Complex systems and relational data are often abstracted as dynamical processes on networks. To understand, predict and control their behavior, a crucial step is to extract reduced descriptions of such networks. Inspired by notions from…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Michael T. Schaub , Jean-Charles Delvenne , Renaud Lambiotte , Mauricio Barahona

We investigate to what extent the degree sequence of a directed network constrains the number of driver nodes. We develop a pair of algorithms that take a directed degree sequence as input and aim to output a network with the maximum or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-03-24 Abdorasoul Ghasemi , Márton Pósfai , Raissa M. D'Souza

Measure the similarity of the nodes in the complex networks have interested many researchers to explore it. In this paper, a new method which is based on the degree centrality and the Relative-entropy is proposed to measure the similarity…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-02-04 Qi Zhang , Meizhu Li , Yong Deng , Sankaran Mahadevan

Machine learning is increasingly targeting areas where input data cannot be accurately described by a single vector, but can be modeled instead using the more flexible concept of random vectors, namely probability measures or more simply…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-21 Gwendoline de Bie , Gabriel Peyré , Marco Cuturi

We investigate the degree-degree correlations in the Erdos-Renyi networks, the growing exponential networks and the scale-free networks. We demonstrate that these correlations are the largest for the exponential networks. We calculate also…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-08-24 Anna Manka-Krason , Krzysztof Kulakowski

In a directed graph, the imbalance of a vertex is its outdegree minus its indegree. We characterize the sequences that are realizable as the sequence of imbalances of a simple directed graph. Moreover, a realization of a realizable sequence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dhruv Mubayi , Todd G. Will , Douglas B. West

Directed graphs provide more subtle and precise modelling tools for optimization in road networks than simple graphs. In particular, they are more suitable in the context of alternative fuel vehicles and new automotive technologies, like…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Lukas Dijkstra , Andrei Gagarin , Padraig Corcoran , Rhyd Lewis

While standard persistent homology has been successful in extracting information from metric datasets, its applicability to more general data, e.g. directed networks, is hindered by its natural insensitivity to asymmetry. We study a…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-04-17 Samir Chowdhury , Facundo Mémoli

A network can be analyzed at different topological scales, ranging from single nodes to motifs, communities, up to the complete structure. We propose a novel intermediate-level topological analysis that considers non-overlapping subgraphs…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lucas Antiqueira , Luciano da Fontoura Costa

Measures of complex network analysis, such as vertex centrality, have the potential to unveil existing network patterns and behaviors. They contribute to the understanding of networks and their components by analyzing their structural…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Felipe Grando , Diego Noble , Luis C. Lamb

We investigate the searchability of complex systems in terms of their interconnectedness. Associating searchability with the number and size of branch points along the paths between the nodes, we find that scale-free networks are relatively…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Rosvall , A. Gronlund , P. Minnhagen , K. Sneppen