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Related papers: Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars: the most pristin…

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Metal-poor (MP) stars are important targets for investigating the chemical evolution of the early universe. Among them, Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) stars have attracted extensive attention due to their rarity and astrophysical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-26 Xianqi Liu , Xiangru Li , Ziyu Fang

In this work, we study the chemical compositions and kinematic properties of six metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] $< -2.5$ in the Galactic halo. From high-resolution (R $\sim$~110,000) spectroscopic observations obtained with the Lick/APF, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-04 Mohammad K. Mardini , Vinicius M. Placco , Ali Taani , Haining Li , Gang Zhao

Detailed spectroscopic studies of metal-poor halo stars have highlighted the important role of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars in understanding the early production and ejection of carbon in the Galaxy and in identifying the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 T. T. Hansen , J. Andersen , B. Nordström , T. C. Beers , V. M. Placco , J. Yoon , L. A. Buchhave

We report on an abundance analysis for a pilot study of seven Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) stars, based on medium-resolution optical and near-infrared spectroscopy. The optical spectra are used to estimate [Fe/H], [C/Fe], [N/Fe], and…

We demonstrate that there are systematic scale errors in the [Fe/H] values determined by the Hamburg/ESO Survey (and by the HK Survey by inference) for certain extremely metal poor (EMP) highly C-enhanced giants. The consequences of these…

The origin of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars and their possible connection with the chemical elements produced by the first stellar generation is still highly debated. In contrast to the Galactic halo, not many CEMP stars have been…

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars are the living fossils holding records of chemical enrichment from early generations of stars. In this work, we perform a set of numerical simulations of the enrichment from a supernova (SN) of a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-29 Gen Chiaki , John H. Wise , Stefania Marassi , Raffaella Schneider , Marco Limongi , Alessandro Chieffi

Among Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) stars, some are found to be enriched in s-process elements (CEMP-s), in r-process elements (CEMP-r) or in both s- and r-process elements (CEMP-rs). The origin of the abundance differences between…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-19 D. Karinkuzhi , S. Van Eck , S. Goriely , L. Siess , A. Jorissen , T. Merle , A. Escorza , T. Masseron

We investigate the nature of carbon-enhanced metal poor (CEMP) stars in Milky Way (MW) analogues selected from the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulation. The stellar evolution model in EAGLE includes the physics of enrichment by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-14 Mahavir Sharma , Tom Theuns , Carlos S. Frenk , Ryan J. Cooke

We describe a method for the determination of stellar [C/Fe] abundance ratios using low-resolution (R = 2000) stellar spectra from the SDSS and SEGUE. By means of a star-by-star comparison with a set of SDSS/SEGUE spectra with available…

We show that the peculiar surface abundance patterns of Carbon Enhanced Metal Poor (CEMP) stars has been inherited from material having been processed by H- and He-burning phases in a previous generation of stars (hereafter called the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Georges Meynet , Raphael Hirschi , Sylvia Ekstrom , Andre Maeder , Cyril Georgy , Patrick Eggenberger , Cristina Chiappini

The origin of Carbon Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP-no) stars with low abundances of neutron-capture elements is still unclear. These stars are ubiquitous, found primarily in the Milky Way halo and ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs). To make a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-08 Martina Rossi , Stefania Salvadori , Ása Skúladóttir , Irene Vanni

The most metal-poor stars are the relics of the early chemical evolution of the Galaxy. Their chemical composition is an important tool to constrain the nucleosynthesis in the first generation of stars. The aim is to observe a sample of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-07 P. François , E. Caffau , S. Wanajo , D. Aguado , M. Spite , M. Aoki , P. Bonifacio , A. J. Gallagher , S. Salvadori , F. Spite

Most of relatively warm, unevolved metal-poor stars ($T_{\rm eff}\gtrsim 5800\,\mathrm{K}$ and $[{\rm Fe/H}]\lesssim -1.5$) exhibit almost constant lithium abundances, irrespective of metallicity or effective temperature, and thus form the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-21 Tadafumi Matsuno , Wako Aoki , Takuma Suda , Haining Li

The study of the long-dead early generations of massive stars is crucial in order to obtain a complete picture of the chemical evolution of the Universe, hence the origin of the elements. The nature of these stars can be inferred indirectly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-31 Arthur Choplin

We investigate the origin of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars starting from the recently discovered $\rm [Fe/H]<-7.1$ star SMSS J031300 (Keller et al. 2014). We show that the elemental abundances observed on the surface of SMSS…

We propose and apply a new classification for the CEMP-no stars, which are "carbon-enhanced metal-poor" stars with no overabundance of s-elements and with [Fe/H] generally inferior or equal to -2.5. This classification is based on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-29 Andre Maeder , Georges Meynet

The detailed composition of most metal-poor halo stars has been found to be very uniform. However, a fraction of 20-70% (increasing with decreasing metallicity) exhibit dramatic enhancements in their abundances of carbon - the so-called…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-24 T. T. Hansen , J. Andersen , B. Nordström , T. C. Beers , V. M. Placco , J. Yoon , L. A. Buchhave

We construct binary-star population nucleosynthesis models of carbon-enhanced metal poor (CEMP) stars. We compare the CEMP to EMP (extremely metal poor) ratio of our models to the observed ratio and find it is an order of magnitude too…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Robert G. Izzard , Evert Glebbeek , Richard J. Stancliffe , Onno Pols

CONTEXT:The detailed chemical abundances of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars are key guides to understanding the early chemical evolution of the Galaxy. Most existing data are, however, for giant stars which may have experienced internal…