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We present a novel approach to uncertainty quantification in classification tasks based on label-wise decomposition of uncertainty measures. This label-wise perspective allows uncertainty to be quantified at the individual class level,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Timo Löhr , Lisa Wimmer , Thomas Nagler , Eyke Hüllermeier

An analyst is tasked with producing a statistical study. The analyst is not monitored and is able to manipulate the study. He can receive payments contingent on his report and trusted data collected from an independent source, modeled as a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-10-02 Yaron Azrieli , Christopher Chambers , Paul Healy , Nicolas Lambert

In this paper, we present a unified framework for decision making under uncertainty. Our framework is based on the composite of two risk measures, where the inner risk measure accounts for the risk of decision given the exact distribution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-01-07 Pengyu Qian , Zizhuo Wang , Zaiwen Wen

Scoring functions are commonly used to evaluate a point forecast of a particular statistical functional. This scoring function should be consistent, meaning the correct value of the functional is the Bayes act, in which case we say the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-17 Krisztina Dearborn , Rafael Frongillo

The quality of probabilistic forecasts is crucial for decision-making under uncertainty. While proper scoring rules incentivize truthful reporting of precise forecasts, they fall short when forecasters face epistemic uncertainty about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Anurag Singh , Siu Lun Chau , Krikamol Muandet

We develop a novel technique to extract credit-relevant information from the text of quarterly earnings calls. This information is not spanned by fundamental or market variables and forecasts future credit spread changes. One reason for…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-12 Harry Mamaysky , Yiwen Shen , Hongyu Wu

Conformal prediction is a powerful framework for distribution-free uncertainty quantification. The standard approach to conformal prediction relies on comparing the ranks of prediction scores: under exchangeability, the rank of a future…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-07 Etienne Gauthier , Francis Bach , Michael I. Jordan

In this research, starting from a widely accepted definition of risk, we support the idea that risk reduction is a more realistic objective than risk minimization, which represents a theoretical utopia. Furthermore, significant risk…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-01 Pierpaolo Uberti

The intuition of risk is based on two main concepts: loss and variability. In this paper, we present a composition of risk and deviation measures, which contemplate these two concepts. Based on the proposed Limitedness axiom, we prove that…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-04 Marcelo Brutti Righi

Systemic risk measures were introduced to capture the global risk and the corresponding contagion effects that is generated by an interconnected system of financial institutions. To this purpose, two approaches were suggested. In the first…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-23 Sarah Kaakai , Anis Matoussi , Achraf Tamtalini

In the present paper we investigate the predictive risk of possibly misspecified quantile regression functions. The in-sample risk is well-known to be an overly optimistic estimate of the predictive risk and we provide two relatively simple…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Alexander Giessing , Xuming He

Risk-limiting audits (RLAs) are techniques for verifying the outcomes of large elections. While they provide rigorous guarantees of correctness, widespread adoption has been impeded by both efficiency concerns and the fact they offer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Benjamin Fuller , Rashmi Pai , Alexander Russell

Risk measures for random vectors have been considered in multi-asset markets with transaction costs and financial networks in the literature. While the theory of set-valued risk measures provide an axiomatic framework for assigning to a…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-07-25 Çağın Ararat , Zachary Feinstein

Accounting for model uncertainty in risk management and option pricing leads to infinite dimensional optimization problems which are both analytically and numerically intractable. In this article we study when this hurdle can be overcome…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-01-16 Daniel Bartl , Samuel Drapeau , Ludovic Tangpi

We address the problem of uncertainty quantification and propose measures of total, aleatoric, and epistemic uncertainty based on a known decomposition of (strictly) proper scoring rules, a specific type of loss function, into a divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Paul Hofman , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

The attributable risk, often called the population attributable risk, is in many epidemiological contexts a more relevant measure of exposure-disease association than the excess risk, relative risk, or odds ratio. When estimating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-31 Daniel B. Rubin

In the present paper we study quantile risk measures and their domain. Our starting point is that, for a probability measure $ Q $ on the open unit interval and a wide class $ \mathcal{L}_Q $ of random variables, we define the quantile risk…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-24 Sebastian Fuchs , Ruben Schlotter , Klaus D. Schmidt

We present a framework for constructing multivariate risk measures that is inspired from univariate Optimized Certainty Equivalent (OCE) risk measures. We show that this new class of risk measures verifies the desirable properties such as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-07 Sarah Kaakai , Anis Matoussi , Achraf Tamtalini

We consider the problem of representing claims for coherent risk measures. For this purpose we introduce the concept of (weak and strong) time-consistency with respect to a portfolio of assets, generalizing the one defined by Delbaen. In a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-08-06 Saul Jacka , Abdelkarem Berkaoui

We consider basic conceptual questions concerning the relationship between statistical estimation and causal inference. Firstly, we show how to translate causal inference problems into an abstract statistical formalism without requiring any…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-22 Oliver J. Maclaren , Ruanui Nicholson