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Related papers: Inference with Possibilistic Evidence

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We show that an arbitrary probability distribution can be represented in exponential form. In physical contexts, this implies that the equilibrium distribution of any classical or quantum dynamical system is expressible in grand canonical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-10-25 Dorje C. Brody

This text presents an unified approach of probability and statistics in the pursuit of understanding and computation of randomness in engineering or physical or social system with prediction with generalizability. Starting from elementary…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-01-19 Lakshman Mahto

The ideas of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty are widely used to reason about the probabilistic predictions of machine-learning models. We identify incoherence in existing discussions of these ideas and suggest this stems from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Freddie Bickford Smith , Jannik Kossen , Eleanor Trollope , Mark van der Wilk , Adam Foster , Tom Rainforth

We present novel bounds for estimating discrete probability distributions under the $\ell_\infty$ norm. These are nearly optimal in various precise senses, including a kind of instance-optimality. Our data-dependent convergence guarantees…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Aryeh Kontorovich , Amichai Painsky

This chapter provides a overview of Bayesian inference, mostly emphasising that it is a universal method for summarising uncertainty and making estimates and predictions using probability statements conditional on observed data and an…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-02-11 Christian P. Robert , Jean-Michel Marin , Judith Rousseau

The concept of movable evidence masses that flow from supersets to subsets as specified by experts represents a suitable framework for reasoning under uncertainty. The mass flow is controlled by specialization matrices. New evidence is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Rudolf Kruse , Detlef Nauck , Frank Klawonn

In this paper, an optimization problem with uncertain constraint coefficients is considered. Possibility theory is used to model the uncertainty. Namely, a joint possibility distribution in constraint coefficient realizations, called…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-07 Romain Guillaume , Adam Kasperski , Pawel Zielinski

Type inference refers to the task of inferring the data type of a given column of data. Current approaches often fail when data contains missing data and anomalies, which are found commonly in real-world data sets. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Taha Ceritli , Christopher K. I. Williams , James Geddes

The notion of argumentation and the one of belief stand in a problematic relation to one another. On the one hand, argumentation is crucial for belief formation: as the outcome of a process of arguing, an agent might come to (justifiably)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Alfredo Burrieza , Antonio Yuste-Ginel

The p-values are often implicitly used as a measure of evidence for the hypotheses of the tests. This practice has been analyzed with different approaches. It is generally accepted for the one-sided hypothesis problem, but it is often…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Guy Morel

We revisit and generalize the concept of composite likelihood as a method to make a probabilistic inference by aggregation of multiple Bayesian agents, thereby defining a class of predictive models which we call composite Bayesian. This…

Computation · Statistics 2019-04-18 Alexis Roche

The features of a logically sound approach to a theory of statistical reasoning are discussed. A particular approach that satisfies these criteria is reviewed. This is seen to involve selection of a model, model checking, elicitation of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-09 Luai Al-Labadi , Zeynep Baskurt , Michael Evans

The sensitivities revealed by a sensitivity analysis of a probabilistic network typically depend on the entered evidence. For a real-life network therefore, the analysis is performed a number of times, with different evidence. Although…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Silja Renooij , Linda C. van der Gaag

Prediction-powered inference is a framework for performing valid statistical inference when an experimental dataset is supplemented with predictions from a machine-learning system. The framework yields simple algorithms for computing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-10 Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Stephen Bates , Clara Fannjiang , Michael I. Jordan , Tijana Zrnic

A framework is presented for a computational theory of probabilistic argument. The Probabilistic Reasoning Environment encodes knowledge at three levels. At the deepest level are a set of schemata encoding the system's domain knowledge.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Kathryn Blackmond Laskey

We develop our interpretation of the joint belief distribution and of evidential updating that matches the following basic requirements: * there must exist an efficient method for reasoning within this framework * there must exist a clear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-14 Mieczysław Kłopotek

We present a formal measure of argument strength, which combines the ideas that conclusions of strong arguments are (i) highly probable and (ii) their uncertainty is relatively precise. Likewise, arguments are weak when their conclusion…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Niki Pfeifer , Hanna Pankka

To develop an approach to utilizing continuous statistical information within the Dempster- Shafer framework, we combine methods proposed by Strat and by Shafero We first derive continuous possibility and mass functions from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Pascal Fua

The aim of this article is to promote the use of probabilistic methods in the study of problems in mathematical general relativity. Two new and simple singularity theorems, whose features are different from the classical singularity…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-21 Ismael Bailleul

Instead of testing for unanimous agreement, I propose learning how broad of a consensus favors one distribution over another (of earnings, productivity, asset returns, test scores, etc.). Specifically, given a sample from each of two…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-08-27 David M. Kaplan