Related papers: Explaining the Sr and Ba Scatter in Extremely Meta…
We compute the evolution of the abundances of barium and europium in the Milky Way and we compare our results with the observed abundances from the recent UVES Large Program "First Stars". We use a chemical evolution model which already…
The chemical composition of extremely metal-poor stars (EMP stars; [Fe/H]<~ -3) is a unique tracer of early nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy. As such stars are rare, we wish to find classes of luminous stars which can be studied at high…
Several stars at the low-metallicity extreme of the Galactic halo show large spreads of [Pb/hs]. Theoretically, a s-process pattern should be obtained from an AGB star with fixed metallicity and initial mass. For the third dredge-up and the…
We determined the atmospheric parameters and abundance pattern for a sample of metal-rich barium stars. We used high-resolution optical spectroscopy. Atmospheric parameters and abundances were determined using the local thermodynamic…
We investigate sulphur abundance in 74 Galactic stars by using high resolution spectra obtained at ESO VLT and NTT telescopes. For the first time the abundances are derived, where possible, from three optical multiplets: Mult. 1, 6, and 8.…
The advent of m class telescopes has allowed the detailed spectroscopic study of sizeable numbers of extremely metal-poor Galactic stars which are the witnesses of the formation of the early Galaxy. Their chemical composition displays some…
The ejecta of the first probably very massive stars polluted the Big Bang primordial element mix with the first heavier elements. The resulting ultra metal-poor abundance distribution provided the initial conditions for the second stars of…
The most metal-poor, high redshift damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs) provide a window to study some of the first few generations of stars. In this paper, we present a novel model to investigate the chemical enrichment of the near-pristine…
This study is aimed at identifying possible low-mass and sub-stellar companions to stars with well-determined metallicities. We investigate the multiplicity of metal-poor stars along with its impact on formation processes in the conditions…
In an attempt of clarifying the [S/Fe] behavior with the run of [Fe/H] in the metal-poor regime which has been a matter of debate, an extensive non-LTE analysis of near-IR S I triplet lines (multiplet 3) at 1.046 micron was carried out for…
Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars are believed to show the chemical imprints of more massive stars (M > 0.8 Msun) that are now extinct. In particular, it is expected that the observed abundance of Li should deviate in these stars from…
The surface lithium abundance A(Li) of warm metal-poor dwarf stars exhibits a narrow plateau down to [Fe/H]~-2.8 dex, while at lower metallicities the average value drops by 0.3 dex with a significant star-by-star scatter (called lithium…
The compilation of the metallicity values of $\omega$~Centauri stars led to detection of spatial asymmetry in the metallicity distribution of the bright giants. It was found that the most and least metal-poor objects are separated along…
Chemical compositions are determined based on high-resolution spectroscopy for 137 candidate extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and its first stellar extension, the Sloan Extension for…
We have refined the estimate of the primordial level of $^7$Li abundance to an accuracy better than 10%, based on high-precision Li abundances for metal-poor halo stars, and a recent model of post-BBN (Big Bang Nucleosynthesis) chemical…
The abundances of beryllium and boron have been measured in halo stars of metallicities as low as [Fe/H] =-3. The observations show that the ratios Be/Fe and B/Fe are independent of metallicity and approximately equal to their solar values…
The chemical abundances of very metal-poor stars provide important constraints on the nucleosynthesis of the first generation of stars and early chemical evolution of the Galaxy. We have obtained high-resolution spectra with the Subaru…
A significant fraction of very metal-poor stars have unexpectedly high carbon abundances. I recap on their discovery, describe the results of high-resolution spectroscopic studies of their composition, and consider possible origins. It is…
We present an analysis of the relative abundance features of a number of chemical elements in the atmospheres of metal-rich ($\rm{[Fe/H]} > -1.0$) Galactic-field RR~Lyrae variable stars and the kinematic characteristics of these stars. We…
The supernova yields of several heavy elements including alpha-, iron-group, and r-process elements are obtained as a function of the mass of their progenitor main-sequence stars M_ms from the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor…