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Multi-tip scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a powerful method to perform charge transport measurements at the nanoscale. With four STM tips positioned on the surface of a sample, four-point resistance measurements can be performed in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 A. Leis , V. Cherepanov , B. Voigtländer , F. S. Tautz

We present a design for a tunneling-current-assisted scanning near-field microwave microscope. For stable operation at cryogenic temperatures, making a small and rigid microwave probe is important. Our coaxial resonator probe has a length…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-06-13 Hideyuki Takahashi , yoshinori imai , Atsutaka Maeda

Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is crucial for non-proliferation and security applications, where fast neutrons need to be identified and measured in the presence of a strong gamma-ray background. The traditional charge-integration-based…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-05-02 Ming Fang , Satwik Pani , Angela Di Fulvio

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has emerged as a powerful technique for probing the spatiotemporal dynamics of molecular bonds with exceptional sensitivity, resolution, and speed. However, classically, its performance remains…

We present here the straightforward implementation of pump-probe methods into existing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) systems. Our method uses the waveform-sequencing abilities of a standard arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) and a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-12-03 Fabian Donat Natterer

We have developed a broadband scanning tunnelling microscope capable of conventional, low frequency (<10 kHz), microscopy as well spectroscopy and shot-noise detection at 1 MHz. After calibrating our AC circuit on a gold surface, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-28 Freek Massee , Quan Dong , Antonella Cavanna , Yong Jin , Marco Aprili

To meet changing research demands, new scanning tunneling microscope (STM) features must constantly evolve. We describe the design, development, and performance of a modular plugin STM which is compact and stable. The STM head is equipped…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Angela M. Coe , Guohong Li , Eva Y. Andrei

The ongoing miniaturization in nanoscience and -technology challenges the sensitivity and selectivity of experimental analysis methods to the ultimate level of single atoms and molecules. A promising new approach, addressed here, focuses on…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-03-28 Stefan Müllegger , Stefano Tebi , Amal K. Das , Wolfgang Schöfberger , Felix Faschinger , Reinhold Koch

We report on a lightwave-driven scanning tunneling microscope based on a home-built microscope and a compact, commercial, and cost-effective terahertz-generation unit with a repetition rate of 100 MHz. The measurements are performed in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Hüseyin Azazoglu , Philip Kapitza , Martin Mittendorff , Rolf Möller , Manuel Gruber

Certifying quantum entanglement is a critical step towards realizing quantum-coherent applications of surface spin systems. In this work, we show that entanglement can be unambiguously shown in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-01-29 Rik Broekhoven , Curie Lee , Soo-hyon Phark , Sander Otte , Christoph Wolf

We have designed and built a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) setup for operation at millikelvin temperatures in ultra high vacuum. A compact cryostat with an integrated dilution refrigerator has been built, that allows measurements at a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-12-05 Timofey Balashov , Michael Meyer , Wulf Wulfhekel

We propose a novel experimental probe for cold atomic gases analogous to the scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) in condensed matter. This probe uses the coherent coupling of a single particle to the system. Depending on the measurement…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2008-03-01 Corinna Kollath , Michael Köhl , Thierry Giamarchi

Significance: Voltage imaging microscopy has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate neural activity both in vivo and in vitro. Various imaging approaches have been developed, including point-scanning, line-scanning and wide-field…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-29 Jakub Czuchnowski , Jerome Mertz

Magnetic media remain a key in information storage and processing. The continuous increase of storage densities and the desire for quantum memories and computers pushes the limits of magnetic characterisation techniques. Ultimately, a tool…

The spin-polarized scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) can in principle resolve not only the electronic, but also the magnetic surface structure. We model recent STM measurements achieving magnetic resolution on the atomic scale by a…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 W. A. Hofer , A. J. Fisher

The distinction between point and line resolution in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) arises because an ability to image sub-0.2 nm fringes is a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for imaging individual atoms. In scanned tip…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Fraundorf , J. Tentschert

We report scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of surfaces of GaN films and the observation of luminescence from those films induced by highly spatially localized injection of electrons or holes using STM. This combination of scanning…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Garni , Jian Ma , N. Perkins , Jutong Liu , T. F. Kuech , M. G. Lagally

The ability to control single dopants in solid-state devices has opened the way towards reliable quantum computation schemes. In this perspective it is essential to understand the impact of interfaces and electric fields, inherent to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 B. Voisin , J. Salfi , J. Bocquel , R. Rahman , S. Rogge

We present the design and performance of an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscope (STM) that uses adiabatic demagnetization of electron magnetic moments for controlling its operating temperature in the range between 30 mK…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-01-30 Taner Esat , Peter Borgens , Xiaosheng Yang , Peter Coenen , Vasily Cherepanov , Andrea Raccanelli , F. Stefan Tautz , Ruslan Temirov

One of the daunting challenges in modern low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is the difficulty of combining atomic resolution with cryogen free cooling. Further functionality needs, such as ultra-high vacuum (UHV), high…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-04-09 Angela M. Coe , Guohong Li , Eva Y. Andrei