Related papers: New view on the diffraction discovered by Grimaldi…
In this article, the ray tracing method is studied beyond the classical geometrical theory. The trajectories are here regarded as geodesics in a Riemannian manifold, whose metric and topological properties are those induced by the…
The diffraction of a scalar plane wave from a doubly-periodic surface on which either the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary condition is imposed is studied by means of a rigorous numerical solution of the Rayleigh equation for the amplitudes of…
Under the introduction of any interface in its trajectory, an optical beam experiences polarization-dependent deflections in the longitudinal and transverse directions with respect to the plane of incidence. The physics of such optical beam…
Usual Gaussian beams are particular scalar solutions to the paraxial Helmholtz equation, which neglect the vector nature of light. In order to overcome this inconvenience, Simon et al. (J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 1986, 3, 536-540) found a paraxial…
The well-known interference pattern of bright and dark fringes was first observed for light beams back in 1801 by Thomas Young. The maximum visibility fringes occur when the irradiance of the two beams is equal, and as the ratio of the beam…
Radiance fields have gained tremendous success with applications ranging from novel view synthesis to geometry reconstruction, especially with the advent of Gaussian splatting. However, they sacrifice modeling of material reflective…
Throughout human history, people have used sight to learn about the world, but only in relatively recent times the science of light has been developed. Egyptians and Mesopotamians made the first known lenses out of quartz, giving birth to…
The gravitational lensing of gravitational waves should be treated in the wave optics instead of the geometrical optics when the wave length $\lambda$ of the gravitational waves is larger than the Schwarzschild radius of the lens mass $M$.…
The differential equation proposed by Frits Zernike to obtain a basis of polynomial orthogonal solutions on the the unit disk to classify wavefront aberrations in circular pupils, is shown to have a set of new orthonormal solution bases,…
One-dimensional optical waveguiding is revisited using the electromagnetic deduction of Fresnel formulas relating the incident, reflected, and transmitted waves on the abrupt interface between two different optical media. Throughout the…
In the 1980s an important goal of the emergent field of fractals was to determine the relationships between their physical and geometrical properties. The fractal-Einstein and Alexander-Orbach laws, which interrelate electrical, diffusive…
The article concerns an investigation of the Fresnel diffraction characteristics of two types of phase optical elements, under Gaussian laser beam illumination. Both elements provide an azimuthal periodicity of the phase retardation. The…
An explicit formula for a new type of beams, which in this work are called the "special" hyperbolic Bessel-Gaussian (SHBG) beams, has been derived, using the method of the Hankel transform formulated in our previous work. The fundamental…
An exact analogy between wave mechanics in quantum theory and the scalar wave treatment of optics emerges from the marriage of Newtonian formulation of geometrical optics [1] and the ``formal quantum theory of light rays'' [2]. Here the…
In gravitational lensing, the usual viewpoint is that light bending measures how a ray deviates from a straight line in Euclidean space. In this work, we take the opposite perspective: we ask how a straight line bends in a curved space,…
We show how to transform the mathematical expression of any monochromatic paraxial light beam into the expression of a pulsed beam whose diffraction is switched from the axial direction to its temporal structure. We exemplify this…
The first part of the paper is devoted to diffraction phenomena that can be expressed by fractional Fourier transforms whose orders are real numbers. According to a scalar theory, diffraction acts on the amplitude of the electric field as…
Continuing work initiated in an earlier publication [Ishihara, Suzuki, Ono, Kitamura, Asada, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 94}, 084015 (2016) ], we discuss a method of calculating the bending angle of light in a static, spherically symmetric and…
At present, the theory of light diffraction only has the simple wave-optical approach. In this paper, we study light diffraction with the approach of relativistic quantum theory. We find that the slit length, slit width, slit thickness and…
We derive an asymptotic solution of the vacuum Einstein equations that describes the propagation and diffraction of a localized, large-amplitude, rapidly-varying gravitational wave. We compare and contrast the resulting theory of strongly…