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Bell's theorem is typically understood as the proof that quantum theory is incompatible with local-hidden-variable models. More generally, we can see the violation of a Bell inequality as witnessing the impossibility of explaining quantum…

Bell's test, initially devised to distinguish quantum theory from local hidden variable models through {violations of local bounds}, is also a common tool for detecting entanglement. For this purpose, one can assume the quantum description…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Liang-Liang Sun , Yong-Shun Song , Sixia Yu

The standard Bell inequality experiments test for violation of local realism by repeatedly making local measurements on individual copies of an entangled quantum state. Here we investigate the possibility of increasing the violation of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yeong-Cherng Liang , Andrew C. Doherty

When separated measurements on entangled quantum systems are performed, the theory predicts correlations that cannot be explained by any classical mechanism: communication is excluded because the signal should travel faster than light;…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-11 Daniel Cavalcanti , Nicolas Brunner , Paul Skrzypczyk , Alejo Salles , Valerio Scarani

The Bell inequality constrains the outcomes of measurements on pairs of distant entangled particles. The Bell contradiction states that the Bell inequality is inconsistent with the calculated outcomes of these quantum experiments. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kees van Hee , Kees van Berkel , Jan de Graaf

We explore quantum nonlocality in one of the simplest bipartite scenarios. Several new facet-defining Bell inequalities for the {[3 3 3] [3 3 3]} scenario are obtained with their quantum violations analyzed in details. Surprisingly, all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Sacha Schwarz , Bänz Bessire , André Stefanov , Yeong-Cherng Liang

We propose Bell inequalities for discrete or continuous quantum systems which test the compatibility of quantum physics with an interpretation in terms of deterministic hidden-variable theories. The wave function collapse that occurs in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-24 Karl-Peter Marzlin , T. A. Osborn

Quantum mechanics allows for coherent control over the order in which different processes take place on a target system, giving rise to a new feature known as indefinite causal order. Indefinite causal order provides a resource for quantum…

With Bell's inequalities one has a formal expression to show how essentially all local theories of natural phenomena that are formulated within the framework of realism may be tested using a simple experimental arrangement. For the case of…

General Physics · Physics 2017-03-30 Thomas Schürmann

The violation of a Bell inequality is an experimental observation that forces one to abandon a local realistic worldview, namely, one in which physical properties are (probabilistically) defined prior to and independent of measurement and…

Entanglement, one of the most intriguing aspects of quantum mechanics, marks itself into different features of quantum states. For this reason different criteria can be used for verifying entanglement. In this paper we review some of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-16 D. Buono , G. Nocerino , S. Solimeno , A. Porzio

An experimental test of Bell's inequality allows ruling out any local-realistic description of nature by measuring correlations between distant systems. While such tests are conceptually simple, there are strict requirements concerning the…

Previous work on Bell's inequality realised in the laboratory has used entangled photons. Here we describe how entangled atoms can violate Bell's inequality, and how these violations can be measured with a very high detection efficiency. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Almut Beige , William J. Munro , Peter L. Knight

We derive tight Bell's inequalities for N>2 observers involving more than two alternative measurement settings. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a general quantum state to violate the new inequalities. The inequalities are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Wieslaw Laskowski , Tomasz Paterek , Marek Zukowski , Caslav Brukner

Entanglement of quasiclassical (coherent) states of two harmonic oscillators leads to striking quantum effects and is useful for quantum technologies. These effects and applications are closely related to nonlocal correlations inherent in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 Zhi-Rong Zhong , Jian-Qi Sheng , Li-Hua Lin , Shi-Biao Zheng

While all bipartite pure entangled states are known to generate correlations violating a Bell inequality, and are therefore nonlocal, the quantitative relation between pure-state entanglement and nonlocality is poorly understood. In fact,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-14 Victoria Lipinska , Florian Curchod , Alejandro Máttar , Antonio Acín

The Bell inequalities in three and four correlations are re-derived in general forms showing that three and four data sets, respectively, identically satisfy them regardless of whether they are random, deterministic, measured, predicted, or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Louis Sica

One of the most notable aspects of quantum systems is that their components can exhibit correlations much stronger than those allowed by classical physics. Two examples of quantum correlations are quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-30 Matthew Low

We have considered a two-particle Bell experiment to visualize the conflict between rotational invariance of physical laws and a specific local realistic theory. The experiment is reproducible by using a local realistic theory obtained in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Koji Nagata , Jaewook Ahn

For the maximal violation of all Bell inequalities by an arbitrary pure two-qudit state of any dimension, we derive a new lower bound expressed via the concurrence of this pure state. This new lower bound and the upper bound on the maximal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Elena R. Loubenets , Sergey Kuznetsov , Louis Hanotel