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We study the problem of learning a mixture model of non-parametric product distributions. The problem of learning a mixture model is that of finding the component distributions along with the mixing weights using observed samples generated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-03 Nikos Kargas , Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos

We study the frontier between learnable and unlearnable hidden Markov models (HMMs). HMMs are flexible tools for clustering dependent data coming from unknown populations. The model parameters are known to be fully identifiable (up to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-25 Kweku Abraham , Zacharie Naulet , Elisabeth Gassiat

We study modifications of the Viterbi Training (VT) algorithm to estimate emission parameters in Hidden Markov Models (HMM) in general, and in mixure models in particular. Motivated by applications of VT to HMM that are used in speech…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 J. Lember , A. Koloydenko

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) and partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) form a useful tool for modeling dynamical systems. They are particularly useful for representing environments such as road networks and office…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Hagit Shatkay

The hidden Markov model (HMM) provides a powerful framework for inference in time-varying environments, where the underlying state evolves according to a Markov chain. To address the optimal filtering problem in general dynamic settings, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Dongyan Sui , Haotian Pu , Siyang Leng , Stefan Vlaski

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are flexible tools for clustering dependent data coming from unknown populations, allowing nonparametric modelling of the population densities. Identifiability fails when the data is in fact independent and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Kweku Abraham , Elisabeth Gassiat , Zacharie Naulet

In this article, we use the theory of quantum channels and open quantum systems to provide an efficient unitary characterization of a class of stochastic generators known as quantum hidden Markov models (QHMMs). By utilizing the unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Vanio Markov , Vladimir Rastunkov , Amol Deshmukh , Daniel Fry , Charlee Stefanski

Consider a stationary discrete random process with alphabet size d, which is assumed to be the output process of an unknown stationary Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Given the joint probabilities of finite length strings of the process, we are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Qingqing Huang , Rong Ge , Sham Kakade , Munther Dahleh

Hidden semi-Markov models (HSMMs) are latent variable models which allow latent state persistence and can be viewed as a generalization of the popular hidden Markov models (HMMs). In this paper, we introduce a novel spectral algorithm to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-01 Igor Melnyk , Arindam Banerjee

We propose a framework to model the distribution of sequential data coming from a set of entities connected in a graph with a known topology. The method is based on a mixture of shared hidden Markov models (HMMs), which are jointly trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Diogo Pernes , Jaime S. Cardoso

We consider probabilistic systems with hidden state and unobservable transitions, an extension of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) that in particular admits unobservable {\epsilon}-transitions (also called null transitions), allowing state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Rebecca Bernemann , Barbara König , Matthias Schaffeld , Torben Weis

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are powerful tools for modeling sequential data, where the underlying states evolve in a stochastic manner and are only indirectly observable. Traditional HMM approaches are well-established for linear sequences,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Farzan Vafa , Sahand Hormoz

The detection of change-points in heterogeneous sequences is a statistical challenge with many applications in fields such as finance, signal analysis and biology. A wide variety of literature exists for finding an ideal set of…

Applications · Statistics 2012-12-11 The Minh Luong , Vittorio Perduca , Gregory Nuel

We propose DenseHMM - a modification of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) that allows to learn dense representations of both the hidden states and the observables. Compared to the standard HMM, transition probabilities are not atomic but composed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Joachim Sicking , Maximilian Pintz , Maram Akila , Tim Wirtz

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) can be accurately approximated using co-occurrence frequencies of pairs and triples of observations by using a fast spectral method in contrast to the usual slow methods like EM or Gibbs sampling. We provide a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-03-29 Dean P. Foster , Jordan Rodu , Lyle H. Ungar

We describe a generalization of the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process Hidden Markov Model (HDP-HMM) which is able to encode prior information that state transitions are more likely between "nearby" states. This is accomplished by defining a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-24 Colin Reimer Dawson , Chaofan Huang , Clayton T. Morrison

Mixture models are a fundamental tool in applied statistics and machine learning for treating data taken from multiple subpopulations. The current practice for estimating the parameters of such models relies on local search heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-09-07 Animashree Anandkumar , Daniel Hsu , Sham M. Kakade

Hidden Markov Models, HMM's, are mathematical models of Markov processes with state that is hidden, but from which information can leak. They are typically represented as 3-way joint-probability distributions. We use HMM's as denotations of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Annabelle McIver , Carroll Morgan , Tahiry Rabehaja

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are widely used statistical models for modeling sequential data. The parameter estimation for HMMs from time series data is an important learning problem. The predominant methods for parameter estimation are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-30 Carl Mattfeld

Hidden Markov models (HMM) have been widely used by scientists to model stochastic systems: the underlying process is a discrete Markov chain and the observations are noisy realizations of the underlying process. Determining the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Yang Chen , Cheng-Der Fuh , Chu-Lan Michael Kao