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The widely recommended procedure of Bayesian model averaging is flawed in the M-open setting in which the true data-generating process is not one of the candidate models being fit. We take the idea of stacking from the point estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-15 Yuling Yao , Aki Vehtari , Daniel Simpson , Andrew Gelman

Multi-Objective Alignment aims to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with diverse and often conflicting human values by optimizing multiple objectives simultaneously. Existing methods predominantly rely on static preference weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wenzhe Xu , Biao Liu , Yiyang Sun , Xin Geng , Ning Xu

Forecasting presents a complex estimation challenge, as it involves balancing multiple, often conflicting, priorities and objectives. Conventional forecast optimization methods typically emphasize a single metric--such as minimizing the…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-17 Marc Wildi

We introduce a method for explaining the results of various linear and hierarchical multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques such as WSM and AHP. The two key ideas are (A) to maintain a fine-grained representation of the values…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Martin Erwig , Prashant Kumar

Automatic evaluation using multimodal large language models (MLLMs), commonly referred to as MLLM-as-a-Judge, has been widely used to measure model performance. If such MLLM-as-a-Judge methods were biased, they could distort model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shuitsu Koyama , Yuiga Wada , Daichi Yashima , Komei Sugiura

Structured Latent Attribute Models (SLAMs) are a family of discrete latent variable models widely used in education, psychology, and epidemiology to model multivariate categorical data. A SLAM assumes that multiple discrete latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-12 Yuqi Gu , Gongjun Xu

Despite its flexibility to learn diverse inductive biases in machine learning programs, meta learning (i.e., learning to learn) has long been recognized to suffer from poor scalability due to its tremendous compute/memory costs, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Sang Keun Choe , Sanket Vaibhav Mehta , Hwijeen Ahn , Willie Neiswanger , Pengtao Xie , Emma Strubell , Eric Xing

We present a new approach that bridges binary analysis techniques with machine learning classification for the purpose of providing a static and generic evaluation technique for opaque predicates, regardless of their constructions. We use…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Ramtine Tofighi-Shirazi , Irina Asăvoae , Philippe Elbaz-Vincent , Thanh-Ha Le

Proprietary LMs such as GPT-4 are often employed to assess the quality of responses from various LMs. However, concerns including transparency, controllability, and affordability strongly motivate the development of open-source LMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Seungone Kim , Juyoung Suk , Shayne Longpre , Bill Yuchen Lin , Jamin Shin , Sean Welleck , Graham Neubig , Moontae Lee , Kyungjae Lee , Minjoon Seo

Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a quantitative approach to the drug benefit-risk assessment (BRA) which allows for consistent comparisons by summarising all benefits and risks in a single score. The MCDA consists of several…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-27 Tom Menzies , Gaelle Saint-Hilary , Pavel Mozgunov

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve inflated scores on multiple-choice tasks by exploiting inherent biases in option positions or labels, rather than demonstrating genuine understanding. This study introduces SCOPE, an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wonjun Jeong , Dongseok Kim , Taegkeun Whangbo

Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) is used to rank alternatives based on various criteria. Key MCA methods, such as Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, estimate parameters for criteria to compute the performance of each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Fuh-Hwa Franklin Liu , Su-Chuan Shih

Multi-objective optimization aims to solve problems with competing objectives. Evaluating such problems is often slow or expensive, limiting the budget of evaluations. In many applications, historical data from related optimization tasks is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Leonard Papenmeier , Petru Tighineanu

The major difficulty in Multi-objective Optimization Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) is how to find an appropriate solution that is able to converge towards the true Pareto Front with high diversity. Most existing methodologies, which have…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Jeisson Prieto , Jonatan Gomez

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as judges to replace costly human preference labels in pairwise evaluation. Despite their practicality, LLM judges remain prone to miscalibration and systematic biases. This paper proposes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sher Badshah , Ali Emami , Hassan Sajjad

Optimistic methods have been applied with success to single-objective optimization. Here, we attempt to bridge the gap between optimistic methods and multi-objective optimization. In particular, this paper is concerned with solving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-28 Abdullah Al-Dujaili , S. Suresh

Class-imbalance refers to classification problems in which many more instances are available for certain classes than for others. Such imbalanced datasets require special attention because traditional classifiers generally favor the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-30 Rafael M. O. Cruz , Robert Sabourin , George D. C. Cavalcanti

In this paper, we examine the Sample Average Approximation (SAA) procedure within a framework where the Monte Carlo estimator of the expectation is biased. We also introduce Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) in the SAA setup to enhance the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-07-29 Devang Sinha , Siddhartha P. Chakrabarty

We propose a new model to assess the mastery level of a given skill efficiently. The model, called Bayesian Adaptive Mastery Assessment (BAMA), uses information on the accuracy and the response time of the answers given and infers the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-08 Anni Sapountzi , Sandjai Bhulai , Ilja Cornelisz , Chris van Klaveren

A neutrosophic set is a more general platform, which can be used to present uncertainty, imprecise, incomplete and inconsistent. In this paper a score function and an accuracy function for single valued neutrosophic sets is firstly proposed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-12-18 Rıdvan Şahin