Related papers: Zigzag Phase Transition in Quantum Wires
The quantum crystal of electrons, predicted more than eighty years ago by Eugene Wigner, is still one of the most elusive states of matter. Here, we present experiments that observe the one-dimensional Wigner crystal directly, by imaging…
Solid atomic hydrogen is one of the simplest systems to undergo a metal-insulator transition. Near the transition, the electronic degrees of freedom become strongly correlated and their description provides a difficult challenge for…
Electron-electron interactions strongly affect the behavior of low-dimensional systems. In one dimension (1D), arbitrarily weak interactions qualitatively alter the ground state producing a Luttinger liquid (LL) which has now been observed…
In a density-imbalanced bilayer Wigner crystal, where the ratio of electron densities in separate layers deviates slightly from unity, defects spontaneously form in one or both layers in the ground state of the system. Due to quantum…
A system of confined charged electrons interacting via the long-range Coulomb force can form a Wigner crystal due to their mutual repulsion. This happens when the potential energy of the system dominates over its kinetic energy, i.e., at…
Wigner crystal, as the most fundamental exemplification where the many-body interaction forges the electrons into a solid, experiences an intriguing quantum melting where diverse intermediate phases are predicted to emerge near the quantum…
We investigate two equivalent, capacitively coupled semiconducting quantum dots, each coupled to its own lead, in a regime where there are two electrons on the double dot. With increasing interdot coupling a rich range of behavior is…
The form of an effective electron-electron interaction in a quantum wire with a large static dielectric constant is determined and the resulting properties of the electron liquid in such a one-dimensional system are described. The exchange…
A quantum phase transition that was recently observed in a high-mobility silicon MOSFET is analyzed in terms of a scaling theory. The most striking characteristic of the transition is a divergence of the thermopower, according to an inverse…
Quantum phase transitions between the magnetically ordered and disordered states are studied for the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic quantum spin systems with ladder, plaquette, and mixed-spin structures. Starting with properly chosen…
We study the low-temperature transport properties of 1D quantum wires as the confinement strength V_conf and the carrier density n_1D are varied using a combination of split gates and a top gate in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. At…
We consider a long quantum wire at low electron densities. In this strong interaction regime a Wigner crystal may form, in which electrons comprise an antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chain. The coupling constant J is exponentially small,…
We investigate the interplay of disorder and interaction in two-dimensional electron systems in a strong magnetic field, focusing on the transition between Wigner crystals and fractional quantum Hall liquids. We first study classical Wigner…
Many-electron systems confined to a quasi-1D geometry by a cylindrical distribution of positive charge have been investigated by density functional computations in the unrestricted local spin density approximation. Our investigations have…
In this work we study a system of interacting fermions on a triangular lattice in the presence of an external magnetic field. We neglect spin and fix a density of one third, with one unit of magnetic flux per particle. The infinite density…
We review recent transport experiments that reveal two-threshold voltage-current characteristics, marked by a significant increase in noise between the two threshold voltages, at low electron densities in the insulating regime in…
Phase transitions are characterized by a sharp change in the type of dynamics of microparticles, and their description usually requires quantum mechanics. Recently, a peculiar type of conductors was discovered in which two-dimensional (2D)…
Using many-body configuration interaction techniques we show that Wigner crystallization occurs at the zigzag edges of graphene at surprisingly high electronic densities up to $0.8$ $\mbox{nm}^{-1}$. In contrast with one-dimensional…
Quantum phase transitions occur at zero temperature when some non-thermal control-parameter like pressure or chemical composition is changed. They are driven by quantum rather than thermal fluctuations. In this review we first give a…
From the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect States on a torus with filling factor nu = 1/p, p odd, we found that for small values of nu such states describe triangular Wigner crystals which are stable configurations. Therefore, the insulator…