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Related papers: Belief Functions and Default Reasoning

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Belief systems are often treated as globally consistent sets of propositions or as scalar-valued probability distributions. Such representations tend to obscure the internal structure of belief, conflate external credibility with internal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Saleh Nikooroo

In classification of incomplete pattern, the missing values can either play a crucial role in the class determination, or have only little influence (or eventually none) on the classification results according to the context. We propose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Zhun-Ga Liu , Quan Pan , Jean Dezert , Arnaud Martin

This thesis concerns embeddings and self-embeddings of foundational structures in both set theory and category theory. The first part of the work on models of set theory consists in establishing a refined version of Friedman's theorem on…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Paul K. Gorbow

Description logic programs (dl-programs) under the answer set semantics formulated by Eiter {\em et al.} have been considered as a prominent formalism for integrating rules and ontology knowledge bases. A question of interest has been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-11-08 Yisong Wang , Jia-Huai You , Li Yan Yuan , Yi-Dong Shen , Thomas Eiter

Functional epistemology is about ways to access functional objects by using varieties of methods and procedures. Not all such means are equally capable of reproducing these functions in the desired consistency and resolution. Dyson's…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Karl Svozil

In Bayesian statistics probability distributions express beliefs. However, for many problems the beliefs cannot be computed analytically and approximations of beliefs are needed. We seek a loss function that quantifies how "embarrassing" it…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-07 Reimar H. Leike , Torsten A. Enßlin

As language models (LMs) become integral to fields like healthcare, law, and journalism, their ability to differentiate between fact, belief, and knowledge is essential for reliable decision-making. Failure to grasp these distinctions can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mirac Suzgun , Tayfun Gur , Federico Bianchi , Daniel E. Ho , Thomas Icard , Dan Jurafsky , James Zou

In this paper we make a contribution to the unification of formal models of defeasible reasoning. We present several translations between formal argumentation frameworks and nonmonotonic logics for reasoning with plausible assumptions. More…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-04 Jesse Heyninck , Christian Straßer

Default logic encounters some conceptual difficulties in representing common sense reasoning tasks. We argue that we should not try to formulate modular default rules that are presumed to work in all or most circumstances. We need to take…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Choh Man Teng

We introduce BEDS (Bayesian Emergent Dissipative Structures), a formal framework for analyzing inference systems that must maintain beliefs continuously under energy constraints. Unlike classical computational models that assume perfect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Laurent Caraffa

A conceptual foundation for approximation of belief functions is proposed and investigated. It is based on the requirements of consistency and closeness. An optimal approximation is studied. Unfortunately, the computation of the optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 David Harmanec

This paper presents a theory of systemic undecidability, reframing incomputability as a structural property of systems rather than a localized feature of specific functions or problems. We define a notion of causal embedding and prove a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Seth Bulin

A common assumption in belief revision is that the reliability of the information sources is either given, derived from temporal information, or the same for all. This article does not describe a new semantics for integration but the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Paolo Liberatore

Although perception is an increasingly dominant portion of the overall computational cost for autonomous systems, only a fraction of the information perceived is likely to be relevant to the current task. To alleviate these perception…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Michael Hibbard , Takashi Tanaka , Ufuk Topcu

We design an expansion of Belnap--Dunn logic with belief and plausibility functions that allow non-trivial reasoning with inconsistent and incomplete probabilistic information. We also formalise reasoning with non-standard probabilities and…

Dependence is an important concept for many tasks in artificial intelligence. A task can be executed more efficiently by discarding something independent from the task. In this paper, we propose two novel notions of dependence in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Liangda Fang , Hai Wan , Xianqiao Liu , Biqing Fang , Zhaorong Lai

We analyze the problem of defining well-founded semantics for ordered logic programs within a general framework based on alternating fixpoint theory. We start by showing that generalizations of existing answer set approaches to preference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Torsten Schaub , Kewen Wang

Ontologies formalise how the concepts from a given domain are interrelated. Despite their clear potential as a backbone for explainable AI, existing ontologies tend to be highly incomplete, which acts as a significant barrier to their more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Steven Schockaert , Yazmín Ibáñez-García , Víctor Gutiérrez-Basulto

Functional dependencies (FDs) specify the intended data semantics while violations of FDs indicate deviation from these semantics. In this paper, we study a data cleaning problem in which the FDs may not be completely correct, e.g., due to…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-07-25 George Beskales , Ihab F. Ilyas , Lukasz Golab , Artur Galiullin

This paper articulates metacognition using the language of statistical physics and Bayesian mechanics. Metacognitive beliefs, defined as beliefs about beliefs, find a natural description within this formalism, which allows us to define the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-17 Lars Sandved-Smith , Lancelot Da Costa