Related papers: Analysis of Forensic DNA Mixtures with Artefacts
In Cowell et al. (2007), a Bayesian network for analysis of mixed traces of DNA was presented using gamma distributions for modelling peak sizes in the electropherogram. It was demonstrated that the analysis was sensitive to the choice of a…
The persistent issue of wrongful convictions in the United States emphasizes the need for scrutiny and improvement of the criminal justice system. While statistical methods for the evaluation of forensic evidence, including glass,…
The likelihood ratio (LR) is a commonly used measure for determining the strength of forensic match evidence. When a forensic expert determines a high LR for DNA found at a crime scene matching the DNA profile of a suspect they typically…
We describe an expert system, MAIES, developed for analysing forensic identification problems involving DNA mixture traces using quantitative peak area information. Peak area information is represented by conditional Gaussian distributions,…
This paper presents a new framework for analysing forensic DNA samples using probabilistic genotyping. Specifically it presents a mathematical framework for specifying and combining the steps in producing forensic casework electropherograms…
In both criminal cases and civil cases there is an increasing demand for the analysis of DNA mixtures involving relationships. The goal might be, for example, to identify the contributors to a DNA mixture where the donors may be related, or…
Mixture interpretation is a central challenge in forensic science, where evidence often contains contributions from multiple sources. In the context of DNA analysis, biological samples recovered from crime scenes may include genetic…
Objective. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used neuroimaging technique known for its cost-effectiveness and user-friendliness. However, various artifacts, particularly biological artifacts like Electromyography (EMG) signals, lead…
Graphical models and likelihood ratios can be used by forensic scientists to compare support given by evidence to propositions put forward by competing parties during court proceedings. Such models can also be used to evaluate support for…
Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general…
Forensic scientists are often criticised for the lack of quantitative support for the conclusions of their examinations. While scholars advocate for the use of a Bayes factor to quantify the weight of forensic evidence, it is often…
We present methods for inference about relationships between contributors to a DNA mixture and other individuals of known genotype: a basic example would be testing whether a contributor to a mixture is the father of a child of known…
In both criminal cases and civil cases there is an increasing demand for the analysis of DNA mixtures involving relationships. The goal might be, for example, to identify the contributors to a DNA mixture where the donors may be related, or…
Reliable detection of event-related potentials (ERPs) at the single-trial level remains a major challenge due to the low signal-to-noise ratio EEG recordings. In this work, we investigate whether incorporating prior knowledge about ERP…
A probabilistic clustering algorithm is proposed for the analysis of forensic DNA mixtures in which individual cells are isolated and short tandem repeats are amplified using the polymerase chain reaction to generate single cell…
Electroencephalogram (EEG) data is crucial for diagnosing mental health conditions but is costly and time-consuming to collect at scale. Synthetic data generation offers a promising solution to augment datasets for machine learning…
Currently, criminals profile (CP) is obtained from investigators or forensic psychologists interpretation, linking crime scene characteristics and an offenders behavior to his or her characteristics and psychological profile. This paper…
Statistical analysis of DNA mixtures is known to pose computational challenges due to the enormous state space of possible DNA profiles. We propose a Bayesian network representation for genotypes, allowing computations to be performed…
When a latent shoeprint is discovered at a crime scene, forensic analysts inspect it for distinctive patterns of wear such as scratches and holes (known as accidentals) on the source shoe's sole. If its accidentals correspond to those of a…
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis depends upon the identification of spectral peaks by their mass and retention time. Statistical analysis that follows the identification currently relies on one main peak of each compound.…